Abstract:
This study is targeted the prevalence of Salmonella species in Khartoum State
chicken broiler farms environment, and to detect the resistance pattern to different
antibiotics by using phenotyping method and detecting beta lactams resistant genes.
Four hundred and sixty five samples were collected randomly from 44 farms in
Khartoum, Omdurman, and Bahry Localities, they included water source, drinkers,
feed source, feeders, faeces, Litter, Cloacal swabs, hand swabs from workers, dust
swabs, carcass swabs, carcass meat, and Knife swabs. The samples were analyzed by
using ISO 6579: (2002), then confirmed by using API 20E strips. Twenty nine
Salmonella species (6.2%) were identified as 21(72.4%) Salmonella arizonae and 8
(27.6%) Salmonella choleraesuis collected from 21 farms in Khartoum State. The
isolates were from water source 1 (3.4%), drinkers 4 (13.8%), feeders 4 (13.8%),
faeces 3 (10.3%), litter 10 (34.5%), cloacal swabs 1 (3.4%), hand swabs from
workers 1 (3.4%), dust swabs 4 (13.8%), and Knife swabs 1 (3.4%). There was no
Salmonellae isolated from feed source, carcass swab, and carcass meat.
Isolates showed high resistance to amoxicillin 26 (89.7%), followed by tetracycline
16 (55.2%), nalidixic acid14 (48.3%), ampicillin 13 (44.8%), co-trimoxazole 10
(34.5%), streptomycin 8 (27.6%), colisitin and chloramphenicol 3 (10.3%), and
gentamicin 2 (6.9%), however, all isolates showed high sensitivity to amikacin,
ciprofloxacin, cefotaxime, cefixime, cefalexin, and ceftriaxone.
Salmonella arizonae showed multidrug resistance to nine antibiotics, amoxicillin 19
(90.5%), tetracycline 12(57.1%), nalidixic acid 11(52.4%), ampicillin10 (47.6%), co
trimoxazole 6 (28.6%), streptomycin 5 (23.8%), chloramphenicol and colistin
3(14.3%), and gentamycin 2(9.5%), however all isolates showed high sensitivity to
amikacin, ciprofloxacin, cefotaxime, cefixime, cefalexin, and ceftriaxone
