Abstract:
An experiment was conducted in the Demonstration Farm of College of
Agricultural Studies, Sudan University of Science and Technology at Shambat.
The study was conducted for two summer seasons: 2011/2012 and 2012/2013. to
study the effect of organic and inorganic fertilizers on growth, yield, and quality
of rice (Oryza sativa L.). The experiment was arranged in Split plots, in
randomized complete block design (RCBD) with four replications. The main
plots consisted of three varieties: Kosti1 and Omgar, (Sudanese release
cultivars); Nerica4 (African cultivar). Sub plots consisted of six fertilizers
treatments, viz: effective microorganism (EM) at the rate of 15 liters/ha;
compost (COM) at the rate of15 tons /ha; pellet granules organic manure (PM)
at a rate of 50kg/ha; urea 46%N + superphosphate 48% P2O5 (US) at the rate of
83 kg N/ha, 50 kg p/ha respectively; combination of urea + superphosphate +
compost (USC) and control. The results showed highly significant effect of
fertilizers and varieties on plant height (cm), number of leaves per plant, leaf
area (cm2), number of productive tillers, number of spikelets per spike, panicle
length (cm), number of seeds per panicle, percentage of empty seeds, 1000-seed
weight, yield, plant dry weight, harvest index, proximate chemical analysis and
physico-chemical proprieties in the two seasons, There was no significant effect
of fertilizers on days to 50% flowering, days to maturity and unproductive tillers
in the two seasons. Also there were no significant differences between cultivars
in number of unproductive tillers, number of seeds per panicle and most of
proximate chemical analysis parameters except carbohydrate content. All
parameters showed no significant response to interaction between cultivars and
fertilizers except leaf area, productive tillers and number seed per panicle. There
were highly significant differences between the two seasons in most parameters
V
except unproductive tillers, days to 50% flowering, days to maturity, harvest
index and all chemical characters studied except moisture content.
The study showed that biofertilizer and organic fertilizers gave good results and
high yield as compared to inorganic fertilizers. Also the cultivar Nerica4 showed
better performance in the two seasons than the other cultivars.
