Assessment of Plasma Levels of Calcium, Phosphate and Glycated Haemoglobin in Sudanese Patients with Type2 Diabetes Mellitus in Reference to Gender and Duration of Diabetes

Abstract

A cross-sectional study, conducted during the period from October to December 2010, compared the plasma levels of calcium, phosphate and glycated haemoglobin of 60 Sudanese patients suffering from type 2 diabetes mellitus. A total of60 diabetic patients as a test group (30 males & 30 females) in addition to 60 apparently healthy volunteers as a control group (30 males&30 females). All the participants in this study were from Khartoum state. The test groups (males &females) and the control groups (males &females) were matched for age and sex. The levels of the plasma calcium, phosphate were determined in heparinized blood samples and glycated hemoglobin was determined in EDTA blood samples using reagents for calcium from Bio System Company and for HbA1c and phosphate from SPINREACT Company. The means of plasma calcium levels show no significant difference between all groups studied (diabetic males and females and also with both males and females healthy controls) (p>0.05). The plasma levels of calcium had no correlation with the duration of diabetes mellitus among both diabetic males and females. The means of plasma phosphate levels showed no significant difference between the diabetic and non-diabetic male groups and also with the diabetic female group (p>0.05). The means of plasma phosphate levels were significantly reduced in diabetic females when compared with healthy females (p<0.05). The plasma levels of phosphate showed insignificant weak negative correlation with the duration of diabetes in both; the diabetic male group and the diabetic female group. There was no significant difference between the means of glycated haemoglobin in both the diabetic male and female groups (p>0.05). There was a significant weak positive correlation between the plasma levels of glycated haemoglobin and the duration of diabetes mellitus in the diabetic female group, whereas there is no correlation in the diabetic male group. From the results of the present study it is concluded that; in Sudanese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, the plasma levels of calcium, phosphate and glycated are not affect with gender and duration of diabetes.