Assessment of Perfusion SPECT Accuracy in Diagnosis of Myocardium and Coronary Diseases

Abstract

The findings of this research which is about evaluation of the myocardial perfusion SPECT scan in diagnose of coronary heart diseases which is the most common disease that cause death now a days and early diagnosis help us to control and reduce the risk factors and complication of this disease. The results of this study has been obtained out of 394 patients that had symptoms and sign of coronary heart diseases, that patients presented to Nuclear Medicine department for myocardial perfusion SPECT Scan test as low hazard with a high accuracy and sensitivity to diagnosis coronary heart diseases during the period from 1/2/2010 to 1/5/2011 and after that they went to cardiac catheterization lab for coronary angiogram within two month. The SPECT Scan included rest/stress myocardial perfusion to show the wall up take and left ventricle ejection fraction (LVEFs) and wall motion. The SPECT scan is high sensitifity in diagnosis of CHDs by assess myocardial perfusion and function in noninvasive with low radiation dose. And the cardiac catheterization included selective coronary arteries angiogram and left ventricle angiogram to detect the percent of stenosis of the arteries and length, LV function, ejection fraction and wall motion. The cardiac catheterization more accurate in diagnose of CHDs but it is invasive with high risk and radiation dose. The patients were referred to nuclear medicine department and cardiac catheterization lab from different hospitals and clinics in Kuwait state. The main objective of this study was to evaluate the accuracy, sensitivity and specificity of nuclear myocardial perfusion SPECT scan in diagnosis of CHDs relative to cardiac catheterization as gold standard and determined the incidence of coronary heart diseases in population. And to find out the most affected age and gender. And to highlight the advantages and disadvantages of nuclear myocardial perfusion SPECT scan in diagnosis of CHDs. And to estimate the common risk factors of CHDs The age of the patient varied from 38 years up to 80 years in this study. And firstly the patients divided according to the gender and under that we made graph for the age in male and female. And also analyze the accuracy, sensitivity and specificity of nuclear myocardial perfusion SPECT scan in diagnosis of CHDs. And the incidence of coronary heart diseases and their risk factors and function of left ventricle. All statistical analyses in this study were performed using excel software. The results obtained in this study indicated that The incidence of coronary heart diseases were more common among male than female by using coronary angiography. And the number of male (305 male) is more than the female (89 female) in the population of the study, and coronary heart disease is more likely: with increasing age, in male start in earlier in life rather than in female, Increasing age increase percent of people who had coronary heart disease. At older women ages that had heart attacks are more likely than men. It was also observed that the sensitivity of MPSPECT scan was slightly higher in male than in female. The specificity was higher in female than in male. The accuracy of MPSPECT scan all most same for both genders. In angiographically verified group of patients the selection bias was obvious. Patients with CHDs dominated (75%) and the fraction of patients with CHDs in male's group (83%) was significantly higher than in female's group(49%).And the study found that there's so many risk factors increase the percent of the coronary heart diseases smoking, diabetic, HTN, hypercholesterolemia and life style. The nuclear myocardial perfusion SPECT imaging is used to detect the efficiency of myocardial muscle before some surgery especially in old people. And also used to check coronary arteries diseases in diabetic patient. And to detect the viability of myocardial muscle in patient after myocardial infarction. And is used before angioplasty and coronary artery bypass graft. Also used to evaluate the efficiency of medicine in treatment of CHDs and after angioplasty and coronary artery bypass graft to assess the viability of myocardial muscle and the efficiency of the operation and treatment.