Estimation of Economic Efficiency of Sorghum and Sesame Crops Production in Habiella Agricultural Scheme in South Kordofan State- Sudan

Abstract

The study tackled the estimation of the economic efficiency for production of two crops sorghum and sesame in Habiella agricultural scheme, Habiella locality, in south kordofan state. This study aimed at estimation the economic efficiency for the two crops, sorghum and sesame in Habiella agricultural scheme, and determine the main factors affecting, that cause economic inefficiency both in two perspectives (Technical efficiency and Allocative), determine the lowest level of cost production obtainable so as to reach the high level of production in taking the umbrage of the best blend of using the actual available resource of production, knowing the products ideal returning either sesame and sorghum, knowledge of Socio-economic characteristics factors that affect the products, then on the economic efficiency of the producers (farmers). The study depended both primary and secondary data sources, primary data were collected from a survey conducted in 2019/2020, from (191 farmers) through structured simple random sampling technique. While the secondary data were collected from relevant sources, to the topic of the study such as books, researches, scientific papers, journals, periodicals, reports from Ministry of Production and Economic Resources. The analysis was done by using the statistical package for social sciences (SPSS), Excel programmed, from budget, computer programmed (Frontier version4.1), stochastic frontier production function, descriptive Statistics and linear programming. The most important results obtained were that most farmers were males with percent 99.5%, and their average age (53) years old which fall in the range of the productive active age (45-60) with percentage 39.9%, the mean of the family households members was (8) with 53.1%, the average of the family members those who work on the farm were only (2) persons per households with the percentage 46.6%, Most of the farmers 80.1% have attained some sort of education, the average of the experience was 16 years with percentage 36.4%, the average of the other economic secondary activity was 52.9%, and stochastic frontier production function model, the farmers economic efficiency showed 0.43%, 0.06% for the sorghum and sesame respectively, and the average of the farmers Technical efficiency was 0.99%, 0.54% for the sorghum and sesame respectively, the most production factors that affect the Technical efficiency significant, indication and the result of the linear programming showed the ideal returning and higher efficient profit for sesame crop. The study results also reached that farming budget was highest profit for farmers of the sesame crop compared to those of the sorghum crop. The study recommended the fowling: it is important to intensive extension programmers to improve the economic efficiency (Technical efficiency and Allocative) of farmers, revitalizing the special lows that concern farmers and herders, solving problems and obstacles that affect of the production of two crops (enough financing at suitable time, efficient agricultural machineries, integrated pest management and improved seeds), adoption of using technical package and full modern technologies that recommended by Agricultural Research center, and zero tillage programmed, to increase production and productivity and farmers income, lead to the optimum technical efficiency and economic efficiency.