To Evaluate The Effect Of Diode Laser As An Adjunct To Scaling And Root Planing In Treating Periodontitis Stage Iii

Abstract

Periodontal disease is a chronic inflammatory multifactorial disease with microbial plaque and calculus being the prime factors.As the dental plaque biofilm accumulates, different bacterial species may colonise and develop into a biofilm. The subgingival plaque comprises of a complex microbiota consisting mainly of gram-negative anaerobic bacteria. The microorganisms most often detected at high levels include A. actiniomycetemcomitans, P. gingivalis, T. forsythia, and T. denticola. The goals of periodontal treatment include the arrest and control of infection, removal of plaque and calculus, reduction in the amount of bioburden within the pocket, and providing an environment where the tissue can return to health. The initial phase of treatment is SRP, which is considered as the gold standard. However, some microorganisms remain on the root surface even after root planing and scaling procedures. LASER" is an acronym for "Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation". The laser properties of monochromaticity, directionality and coherence make lasers unique and suitable for applications in the medical and dental fields The Diode laser does not interact with dental hard tissues making it convenient for soft tissue operations, cutting and coagulation of gingiva, soft tissue curettage, or sulcular debridement AIMS AND OBJECTIVES This study aims to evaluate the effect of diode laser as an adjunct to SRP in treating periodontitis stage III based on periodontal parameters. MATERIALS AND METHOD: A randomised clinical trial with a split-mouth design was conducted. The clinical parameters of pocket depth plaque index, gingival index and clinical attachment loss level are measured at the baseline Half of the mouth (right side)was treated with scaling and root planning alone, and the other half (left side) was treated with scaling and root planning and laser therapy and; measure the clinical parameters after one month RESULTS: The meanplaque index on the right side at baseline was 1.25and after one month was 0.16. The mean gingival index on the right side at baseline was 1.16, and after one month was0.3. The Mean pocket depth on the right side at baseline was 1.6 and after one month was 1.4.Clinical attachment loss on the right side at baseline was 2.9 mm, and after one month was 1.9 mm. The meanplaque index on the side at baseline was 1.05 and, after one month, was 0.05. The mean gingival index on the left side at baseline was 1.3, and after one month was0.08. Mean pocket depth on the left side at baseline was 2.0 mm and after one month was 0.5 mmClinical attachment loss on the left side at baseline was 2.7 mm and after one month was 1.01 mm. CONCLUSIONS: There is a reduction on both sides in all parameters, but on the side laser, more than the scaling and root planing only