Abstract:
A cross-sectional study conducted during the period, November 2009 to
July 2010, comparing the plasma levels of total cholesterol, triglycerides,
high density and low density lipoproteins of 70 Sudanese patients with type
2 diabetes mellitus (35 males and 35 females) as a test group, 38 of them
with controlled diabetes mellitus and 32 with uncontrolled diabetes mellitus.
Participants in this study were from Jaber Abu Alezz center in Khartoum
state, Sudan. Males and females were matched in term of age. The plasma
levels of total cholesterol, triglycerides, high density, low density
lipoproteins and whole blood for Hb A1c were measured using BTS 305
spectrophotometer and commercial Kits from Biosystem Company.
The mean of the plasma levels of total cholesterol was significantly
raised when females compared to males (p=0.004) and also raised in the
uncontrolled group when compared to the controlled diabetic group
(p=0.049).
The mean of the plasma levels of triglycerides was not significantly
differ when males compared to females (p=0.717) and also when the
controlled group compared to uncontrolled diabetic group (p=0.771).
The mean of the plasma levels of high density lipoproteins was
significantly raised when females compared to males (p=0.000), while there
was no significant differences between the controlled group and
uncontrolled diabetic group (p=0.978).
The mean of the plasma levels of low density lipoproteins was
significantly raised when females compared to males (p=0.020) and also
raised when the uncontrolled group compared to the controlled diabetic
group (p=0.032).
In the diabetic group, the plasma levels of total cholesterol,
triglycerides and high density lipoproteins showed a very weak positive
correlation with the duration. No correlation was found with low density
lipoproteins.
From the results of this study, it is concluded that: diabetes mellitus
increases the plasma levels of total cholesterol and low density lipoproteins
more adversely in females compared to males and hence the risk of
cardiovascular disease increase in females compared to males. In addition,
uncontrolled diabetic patients are at high risk for atherosclerosis compared
to controlled diabetics.
