Nozzle Shape Effects in Water Flow Characteristics for Fire Fighting Equipments

Abstract

The research conducted to study the effects of nozzle shape on water flow characteristics in Fire Fighting Equipment, and this due to the recent changes in building sizes and elevation, in case of fire for both water supply and velocity has needed, more water with high velocity to eliminate the obstacles in front of water which could be become briar during fire fighting. The study adopted numerical methods. The flow descripts as steady state, incompressible, turbulent flow, SST k-ω turbulence model and two dimensions presents a numerically to introducing rings and grooves with different dimensions and location from nozzle exit. different pressures were performed 8 bar, 10 bar and 12 bar at the same firefighting nozzle. Nozzle section was chosen and used during the numerical simulation to predicted velocities contours. A commercial Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) package Ansys 15.0 along with the meshing tool ICEM 15.0 is utilized to conduct the modeling and simulation to explore various pressures operations. The study showed that a new approach to increase the velocity at various types of modified nozzles by designs rings and grooves in different locations and dimensions at different pressures, the study finding as following modified nozzle with ring affected the increasing of water velocity and nozzle with double rings increased the velocity more than single one, and nozzle modified with grooves has not affected different parameters, finally, the research approved that the flow velocity increase with constant pressure, just by modified nozzle with rings.