توجيه الإسلام للذوق الأدبي والنقدي عند الخليفة عمر بن الخطَّاب : دراسة تحليليِّة وصفيِّة

Abstract

The history of the era of elkhulfa elrashideen is full of lessons They scattered in historical literal and interpretative books. This is humble study about Omar ibin elkhataba and his religious and literary attitudes. the problem of this study presents models of khalifa criticism and its impact on directing literary criticism and the extent of its value in critical and literary studies in the light of the Islamic method and also achieves the aims which reveals the Khalifa quality such as sensitive critical taste and his good sense of understanding critical and literary life during that era as well as explaining the role of literary taste in enriching the Arab library. The significance of this study comes from the fact that it deals with critical literary study which has Historical value because it is important element in Arab literary life and the care which rulers give so as to make it agree with lslamic values and principles. The researcher has chosen this topic for many reasons 1-to stop at the life Khalifa Omar Ibin ELkhatab and spreading of his justice as well as his critical attitude and literary taste. 1-To be aware of his high sensitivity of understanding criticism and arts during (KhulafaElrashedeen) time and explaining the role of literary taste in enriching Arabic library with this kind of studies. -To fulfill the requirements of this study the researcher used descriptive analytical and historical method.The researcher has collected his data from the outstanding books. The most important findings are the following: 1-Omer Ibin Elkhatab has great effect in activating the art of literary criticism during the beginning of Islamic era and providing good views which become reference for basic literary rules. 2-His criticism has religious orientation free from personal inclination because of its strong Islam influence in all aspect of life. حفل تاريخ عصر الخلفاء الراشدين بالدروس والعبر ، وهي متناثرة في بطون الكتب والمصادر والمراجع ، سواء كانت تاريخية أو حديثية أو فقهية أو أدبية أو تفسيرية أو كتب التراجم. فهذا البحث الذي يحمل عنوان (توجيه الإسلام للذوق الأدبي والنقدي عند الخليفة عمر بن الخطاب رضي الله عنه) وهو جهد متواضع يبيِّن الذوق الأدبي والنقد الإسلامي من خلال مواقف سيدنا عمرــ رضي الله عنه ـــ ومن أهمّ ِالنتائج التي توصَّلت إليها الباحثة الآتي : 1 كان لسيدنا عمرالفاروق دور كبير في تحريك فن النقد العربي في صدر الإسلام، وتطعيمه بآراء محكمة واتجاهات مثقفة أصبحت فيما بعد مرجعا نقديا معتمدا, وتستنبط منها قواعد أساسية في مجال النقد الأدبي . 2 كان الشأن النقدي عنده مبنياعلى الاتجاه الديني الذي يجعله أن يكون اعتقادي النوع بعيدا عن الأهواء، ومتمشياعلى الأساس الاجتماعي والفني والموازنة. يرجع ذلك إلى تأثره القوي بالإسلام.