Effect of Fertilizer Micro-dosing on Growth and yield of Six Groundnut (Arashis hypogaea L.) Genotypes Grown Under Rain Fed Condition of North Kordofan State-Sudan

Abstract

This experiment was conducted under rain fed condition for two season( 2011 and 2012) at two location in North Kordofan, Elobeid Research Station farm and Faris village, to study effect of NPK micro dose of six groundnut genotypes (Sodiri, Gubiesh, ICGV89171, ICGV93255, ICGV86744 and ICGV92121) with two NPK micro-dose levels control and 0.6 gm per hole. The field experiment was factorial laid out in Randomized Complete Block Design with four replications. yield and its component, oil % and protein % content were measured. The results of the combined and interaction analysis showed that there were significant (p =0.05) differences were observed for pod yield, hay yield, number of pods per plant, hundred seed weight and maturity, while differences in shelling percentage and harvest index were not significant. The highest pod yield of 526, 498 and 478 kg/ ha were recorded by ICGV86744 without NPK treatment, ICGV86744 with NPK treatment and Sodiri with NPK treatment respectively. The lowest yield of 272.4 kg/ ha was recorded by Sodiri without NPK micro dose. ICGV86744 cultivar without NPK treatment recorded the best hay yield 787 kg/ ha. Sodiri recorded best value cost ratio for pod and hay yield compared with all genotypes under study. Increase in amount of rain fall has positive effect on hay yield and pod yield, increase in both yield 12% with NPK application. The high value of oil content % released by Sodiri variety with NPK treatment and the high value of protein recorded by Gibiesh with NPK treatment. Some crop growth parameters were taken such as dry matter accumulation and distribution, leaf area, crop growth rate (CGR), specific leaf area (SLA) and net assimilation rate (NAR) were collected at each 30 days interval between 30 and 90 days after planting. The dry matter accumulation at the all stages of the season was high significant, a cross most of the development stages dry matter (%) distribution was not significant among genotypes. The Leaf area was significant at 60 and 90 days after planting, NPK treatment increase the leaf area 20%. The results of the combined analysis showed that there were no significant(p =0.05) differences among genotypes for the measured growth traits throughout the season. significant differences were observed among genotypes and treatments for CGR at 30 and 60 DAP and SLA at 90 DAP. No significant differences on NAR between treatments. The high significant differences were observed between maximum temperatures and LA, TDM and SLA and negative significant correlation between maximum, minimum temperature and CGR, LA, pods and hay yield. In all treatments, with NPK micro doses application and control the correlation was same, high significant correlation was observed between LA and TDM, CGR, LA and SLA. The significant differences were found between TDM and CGR and LA, CGR and LA, LA and SLA and between pod yield and hay yield but the correlation between pod and hay yield increased with NPK micro doses application. The best Environment mean and Environmental index of shelling%, hay yield and pod yield recoded at Faris in 2012. Soderi recorded best estimated pod yield 322.4 kg/ha.