Frequency and susceptibility patterns of Streptococcus pneumonia in Patients with Lower Respiratory Tract Infection in Alshaab Hospital - Khartoum

Abstract

Streptococcus pneumoniae is the most common cause of pneumonia worldwide, and pneumonia is the most common manifestation of pneumococcal infection. This study was carried out in the research laboratory, college of medical laboratory, Sudan University of science and technology in the period from April to July 2012. The aim of the study was to determine the frequency and susceptibility pattern of S. pneumoniae among patients with lower respiratory tract infection in Alshaab Teaching Hospital. One hundred sputum specimens were collected from patients with lower respiratory tract infections in Alshaab hospital. Ziehl Nelseen stain was done for all specimens. Then all ZN stain negative smears were cultured on blood, chocolate and MacConkey agars for isolation of S. pneumoniae. Identification of isolates were done by colonial morphology, Gram stain, and biochemical tests. And antibiotic sensitivity was performed to S. pneumoniae by disc diffusion methods. The result revealed that, 12% were S. pneumoniae, 8% were Escherichia coli, 5% were Pseudomonas aeruginosa, 21% were K. pneumoniae, 10% were S. aureus , 2% were protus species and 23% were viridans streptococci. and Showed that the S. pneumoniae was sensitive to chloramphnicol (100%), ciprofloxacin (100%), tetracycline (75%), erythromycin (50%), and was resistance to penicillin (100%). This study conduded that presence of S. pneumoniae isolates among patients with LRTI in Khartoum State was 12%.