Abstract:
This was prospective case control study, was conducted to determine changes of complete blood count (CBC) among children under 5 years old children with protein energy malnutrition (PEM), the study took place in Omdurman pediatric Hospital and AL bulk Pediatric Hospital in Khartoum state between May to September 2015.
Three ml of venous blood sample were collected from 80 of children affected with protein energy malnutrition under five years, (58.8% of children were males and 42.2% were females) and 20 control samples were collected from normal children under five years (58.7% were males and 41.3%were females, using disposable syringes and added slowly in K3- EDTA container for CBC analysis.
The study showed statistically significant decrease in the mean of HB (8.4 ± 2, 12.6 ± 1.2),RBC(4.1 ± 1. ±7, 4.7 ± 0.2), PCV(26.6 ±5.3, 40.1 ± 3.6), MCV(72.6 ± 13.4, 88.1 ± 4.2) and MCH (22.8 ± 5.6, 27.8 ± 0.8) respectively in children with protein energy malnutrition when compare to control.(p.value 0.000) for all parameters.
There was no statistically significant between MCHC of children with protein energy malnutrition compare to control (31.3 ± 3.3, 31.3 ± 3.3) (p.value 0.9).
The study showed statistically significasnt increase in the mean of white blood cell count (13.2 ± 3.8, 7.3 ± 1.5) , lymohocyte (53.4±13.9,27,5±4,5) and platelet(384.2±163.7,265.8±55.1) and decrease in the mean of neutophil (39.3±13.7,61.1±4) in children with protein energy malnutrition compared to control (p.value 0.000 ) for all parameters.
I conclude from this study low level of HB,RBCs,PCV,MCV,MCH, normal level in MCHC and neutrophil, and high level WBCs , lymphocyte and PLTs, in patient with protein energy malnutrition when compare to control.
