Evaluation of the Morphology and Function of Heart In Hypertensive Patients Using Echocardiography

Abstract

The objective of this study was to evaluate the morphology and function of the heart chambers in hypertensive patients using echocardiography. In this study,a total of 200 primary or essential hypertensive patients were selected and divided into two groups (100 patients with controlled hypertensive patients and other 100 patients with uncontrolled hypertensive patients. Ages ranged from ≤ 50 up to 95 years. The studies were done by echocardiography machine in King Abdul-Aziz Specialist hospital-Taif in Saudi Arabia. The bio- data, included (age ,genderand period of hypertension in general (5-10)years ), were collected by collected data sheet. Data analyzed by SPSS (version 16) . The result of this study revealed that: -The effectiveness of advancing age and treatment of hypertension on both sample’s groups in age ≤50 was (11 %) in uncontrolled group and 18% in controlled group .While in age ranging (50-65) in uncontrolled was (59%) and (51%) in controlled group although in age ranging (66-95%) was (30%) in uncontrolled group and (31%) in controlled group. - The effects of hypertension on different rates of heart ejection fraction on both sample’s groups. And the result was demonstrated the there was indicator of heart failure in case of low (3%) and normal (90%) ejection fraction in uncontrolled group while in controlled group was (3%) in case of low and (92%) in case of normal ejection fraction which called heart failure with normal ejection fraction or heart failure preserved ejection fraction and there was indicator of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in uncontrolled (7%) more than controlled group (5%). - There was increased percentage of high EF specially in middle age groups (50- 65) years in uncontrolled of hypertension which represented (57.1%) more than controlled (40%) while thepercentage in age groups ( 65-95) years was formed V (42.1%) in uncontrolled group and (60%) in controlled and there were no patients in age<50 years . -The left ventricular Hypertrophy had affected in different rates of ejection fraction in both sample`s group and there was indictor of heart failure in low ejection fraction (66.7%) and heart failure preserved ejection fraction in normal ejection fraction (45.6%) in uncontrolled group. And in controlled group the percentage was ( 66.7%) in low ejection fraction and (60.9%) in normal ejection fraction. But therewas no directly relationship between left ventricular hypertrophy and high ejection fraction although there wasindicator of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy can be developed by hypertension in uncontrolled group the percentage was (28.6%) and in controlled group was (80%) . - The relationship between the left ventricular hypertrophy with advancing age and gender on both sample`s group especially in middle age ranging (50-65) years (69.1%) in uncontrolled and (50%). There was increase in percentage of female more than male in both sample`s group. In uncontrolled group represented (53.3%) and in controlled group represented (51.6%). - The left ventricular diastolic dysfunction had effect in different rates of heart ejection fraction on both sample`s group and there was indictor of heart failure in low ejection fraction (66.7%) was equalized percentage on both sample`s . The indictor of heart failure preserved ejection fraction in normal ejection fraction was represented (75.6%) in uncontrolled group and (69.6%) in controlled group. - In left ventricular diastolic dysfunction indicator of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in case of high ejection fraction in uncontrolled group was (85.7%) and in controlled was (100%). -The left ventricular diastolic dysfunction had relationship with age and gender. The percentage was increased in middle age ranging (50-65) years on both sample`s group in uncontrolled group was (64.5) and in controlled group was VI (50.7%) . And there was increased in females more than males in uncontrolled group (51.3%) in females and (48.7%) in males while vice versa in controlled was (42.3%) in female and 57.7%) in males. -The involving of left ventricular diastolic dysfunction with left ventricular hypertrophy in controlled was (49.3%) in nil left ventricular hypertrophy and (50.7%) in case of left ventricular hypertrophy. And sometimes the left diastolic dysfunction could occur without left ventricular hypertrophy especially in uncontrolled group ( 67.1%) in nil left ventricular hypertrophy and (32.9%) in left ventricular hypertrophy. In conclude, the study showed that the patients with common complications of hypertensionon the heart can be evaluated by using noninvasive method transthoracic echocardiography easily without radiation hazard like can be acquired from in Nuclear medicine investigations.