Effect of Dietary Gudaim (Growia tenax) on degradation, in vitro gas production and nutritional Ecology

Abstract

The objectives of this study were to assess the nutritive values of leaves , green shoots , fruits , and seed mash of Grewia tenax, and then to determine ruminal in situ disappearance kinetics of (DM) and crude protein (CP). More ever is addition to estimate the effect of different level of G.tenax in steer meals on the rumen environment. This study was carried out at the Experimental Farm of the College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, Sudan University of Science and Technology at Hillat Kuku. Grewia tenax (leaves, green shoots, flash fruits, and seeds) collected from Kordofan and Darfur states during October 2010- 2011, were evaluated for ruminal DM, and CP, Duplicate Dacron bags were incubated for 0, 3, 6, 12, 24, 48, 72 and 96hrs in three steers fitted with ruminal cannulas over eight experimental periods. In addition estimate the effect of different level of G.tenax fruits on the rumen environment. The leaves showed a significantly higher (p<0.05) highest crude protein (23.33%), and the lowest content was found in the seed (8.58%), the highest value of nitrogen free extract were recorded in seed (46.08%), but the lowest were founded in green shoots (21.53%). the green shoots had the highest dry matter (98.97%) while the fruits had lowest value of dry matter (91.04%) but it have highest content of Ash (18.79%). In this study gas production after 48hrs incubation time ranged between 7.5ml/200mg DM in leaves and 19.5ml/200mg DM in the fruits ,Grewia tenax green shoots had a significantly higher (p<0.05) gas production from rapid soluble fraction (a) (4.15), than the seeds (0.03) . The results revealed that, extensive differences in ruminal degradation existed significantly (P<0.05) among the different tree parts. The highest degradation rate was showed in the fruits at all incubation time and the lowest degradation rates were observed in the seeds, through all the incubation periods. The dry matter effective of the leaves , green shoots , fruits ,and seed mash of Grewia tenax was found different potential degradability and significantly (P<0.05) differed between all parts. The leaves and fruits exhibited the highest potential degradability and significantly (P<0.05) differed from the seeds. The soluble fraction (a), (c) rate had varied significantly among the different tree parts. The insoluble rumen degradable fraction (b) was varied significantly among the all different parts of the Grewia tenax. The effective degradability at different flow rate (0.02, 0.05 and 0.08) varied significantly among the different tree parts. The highest effective degradability was in the fruits and the lowest was in the seeds. Organic matter digestibility range was (43.57%-54.39%), Metabolisable energy was found to be 4.89Mj/kg DM in seed mash and 5.95Mj/kg MD in leaves. Addition different levels of Grewia tanex to ration of rumen did not affected in rumen environment.