Abstract:
The Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) is becoming increasingly popular as it enables sensor
nodes to measure the surrounding environment, communicate and process measured data.
WSN has been directed from military applications to various civil applications, especially in
hostile areas. Medical, industrial and smart energy applications is still in need for extensive
research due to various challenges encountered. Energy consumption is one of the vital
challenges that face WSNs research. The problem is: nodes are supplied with batteries that
cannot be recharged or replaced in the field of operation. Management of WSN’s energy
helps increasing the network lifetime. Clustering is an efficient technique that is used for
enhancing the energy consumed by WSN. However, the dynamic nature of the network made.............
