Study on Composition, Properties and Sensory Evaluationof Camel Milk Marketed in Khartoum State

Abstract

This research was conducted to study composition, properties and sensory evaluation of camel milk marketed in Khartoum state:Khartoum, Omdurman and Khartoum North areas during the period from 5/9-10/9/2014. Forty five (45) samples of camel milk were purchased from different sale points located in the above mentioned areas, 15 camel milk samples per each area. The samples were then subjected to laboratory analysis forwater,protein,fat,lactose, ash and pH- value, acidity, density and boiling point. Oreganoleptic tests forcolor,taste, smell and consistency were also performed. The results showed that the average water contents, were (87.401.70), (87.900.90) and (87.401.10) % for Khartoum, Omdurman and Khartoum Northtested camel milk samples respectively. The statistical analysis indicated no significant variation were found.The results showed that the protein contents of the camel milk samples are (3.05 0.45), (3.10 0.30) and (2.57 0.20)% for camel milk of Khartoum, Omdurman and Khartoum Northarea respectively.Significant variationswere reportedin the protein contents between (Khartoum - Omdurman) and Khartoum Northcamel milk samples.Average fat % in camel milk samples ofKhartoum, Omdurman and Khartoum North,were (3.40 6.00), (4.00 0.70) and (4.20 0.40) area respectively.A significant variations (P<0.05) was noticed in the fat content within Khartoum north and Khartoum, Khartoum North – Omdurman. The highest fat percent (4.20+ 0.40) was for Khartoum north while the lowest one (3.40+ 0.06)% was for Khartoum area.The average concentration of lactose % of Khartoum, Omdurman and Khartoum Northcamel milk, (5.80 1.20), (4.6 1.30)and (4.800.60) respectively. Also a significant different was detected in these samples.The average ash % obtained,were (0.40 0.06), (0.5 0.07) and(0.50 0.09)forKhartoum, Omdurman and Khartoum Northcamel milk. A significant variationswere showed between ash% of Khartoum and (Omdurman - Khartoum North) camel milk samples.The pH- value of Khartoum, Omdurman and Khartoum Northcamel milk samples,were (5.700.40), (5.900.20) and (6.00 0.20) respectively.No significant variation wereshown in these samples. The acidities as lactic acid % of Khartoum, Omdurman and Khartoum Northcamel milk samples were (0.15 0.01),(0.14 0.01) and (0.13 0.01) respectively.Significant variationswerefound in the acidity % of the three milk samples.The densitiesofKhartoum, Omdurman and Khartoum Northcamel milk in average,were, (1.03 0.01), (1.02 0.01) and (1.05 0.09) respectively.No significant difference was detected hereby.In this study the average boiling – points temperaturesobtained,were (100.78 1.70). (100.78 1.60) and (100.78 1.18) for Khartoum, Omdurman and Khartoum Northcamel milk respectively.A significant difference was noticed between the average boiling points of (Khartoum – Omdurman) and Khartoum Northcamel milk samples.The color scores of Khartoum, Omdurman and Khartoum Northmilk were normal andshowed mean values of (6.20 1.50), (7.10 0.50) and (7.22 0.70) respectively .Asignificant difference was also recorded in the color of the milk samples.The smell, judged as normal showed mean values of (6.10 10.30) (7.30 1.30), and (5.700.90) for Khartoum, Omdurman and Khartoum Northmilks respectively.A high significant difference was noticed in this case.The camel milk of Khartoum, Omdurman and Khartoum Northwas consistent with mean values of (7.32 0.70), (7.10 0.50) and (7.00 1.30) respectively the results indicated that significant variations were found in the smell of the camel milk samples of the three areas, the highest score for the smell (7.30+1.30) was for Omdurman while the lowest scores (5.70+ 0.90) was for Khartoum north samples.The results showed that no significant variations (p< 0.05) were recorded in the consistency of the camel milk samples. The consistency scores of the camel milk samples were (7.32 + 0.50) ( 7.10+ 0.50) and (7.00 + 1.30)% for Khartoum and Omdurman and Khartoum North respectively No significant difference detected. The taste of Khartoum and Omdurman tested camel milk samples were evaluated as palatable, while that of Khartoum Northless palatable.The mean values obtained were (5.50 0.90), (5.10 1.40) and (4.60 1.70)for Khartoum, Omdurman and Khartoum Northcamel milk and no significant difference was recorded.