Abstract:
This study was conducted in Eastern Nile Locality Khartoum State, Sudan
during the period (2008-2010). The primary objective of the study is to identify
infertile cows and the, causes of infertility among the study population besides
assess the economic impacts of infertility.
The study was conducted in two phases; in phase one across sectional survey of
cross bred dairy cattle was conducted in Eastern Nile Locality (ENL) were a total
of 491 cows were examined for infertility by: case history, rectal palpation and
serological test beside progesterone hormone levels determination.
In phase two, slaughter house surveys were conducted at Alshaheed-Nasraldeen
and Alkadaro slaughter houses, in these survey 164 genital tracts were examined
for any abnormality associated with infertility (local cows and heifers were
removed).
The study revealed that about 17% of the examined cows were infertile. Eighty
seven and half percent (78.5%) of them were due to direct causes. Indirect causes
were 12.5% of the total infertile. Follicular cysts were the major cause followed by
inactive ovary and Brucellosis had significant effect on infertility.
Economic losses were estimated as due to calves loss which accounted to SDG
65,875per year. Losses due to culling were SDG 36.000 and that due to milk loss
was SDG 856,800/year. The cost of veterinary intervention was estimated as cost
of diagnosis which accounted to SDG 1455 and the cost of treatment as SDG 3062.
The slaughter house survey revealed that 58 out of 128 examined cows were
infertile. The direct infertility causes accounted to 45.31% while the indirect causes
accounted for35.1%. Pregnant cows reported as19.59 % the major causes of direct
infertility were follicular cyst (11.65%), and metritis (8.84%), persistent Corpus
lutetium (7.77%) and inactive ovary (7.77%) and pyometra (4.85%). Also the
study revealed that 19.53% of the examined cows were pregnant.
