Efficacy of Haemodialysis in Sudanese Patients With Chronic Renal Failure Using Measurement of Serum Urea

Abstract

An ever-increasing number of patients have to undergo regular renal dialysis to compensate for acute or chronic renal failure. The adequacy of the dialysis treatment has a profound effect on patients’ morbidity and mortality. Therefore it is necessary to assess the delivered dialysis dose. For the quantification of the dialysis dose two parameters are most commonly used, namely the normalized dose of dialysis (Kt/V value) and the urea reduction rate (URR), yet the prescribed dialysis dose often differs from the actual delivered dialysis dose. This is an analytical, cross-sectional, and hospital-based study conducted on fifty patients with chronic renal failure under haemodialysis treatment at Khartoum (Dr.Selma) Center of Haemodialysis and Renal Transplantation and at Mawadah Hospital in Khartoum, Sudan, during the period from Nov to Mar 2009. The aim of this study was to investigate the efficacy of haemodialysis and to compare the two different protocols i.e. two session of dialysis per week (group A) and three session of dialysis per week (group B) in terms of efficacy (KT/V) and urea reduction rate (URR). Pre- and postdialysis serum urea and creatinine were measured in each patient. Results: Mean efficacy (KT/V) of group A (1.15 ± 0.33) and group B (1.31 ± 0.27), (P = 0.10). And mean urea reduction rate (URR) of group A (66.8 ± 10.4) and group B (72.2 ± 7.3), (P = 0.07). Mean pre- dialysis blood urea of group A (160.5 ± 43.6) and group B (141 ± 0.25.7), (P = 0.13).Mean postdialysis blood urea of group A (53.4 ± 21.9) and group B (39.2 ± 11.7), (P = 0.005). Pre-dialysis serum creatinine of group A (9.5 ± 2.7) and group B (9.3 ± 0.1.7), (P = 0.81). Mean postdialysis serum creatinine of group A (3.8 ± 1.6) and group B (3.6 ± 1.0), (P = 0.72). Conclusion: This study finds that the efficacy of haemodialysis, in Sudanese patients with chronic renal failure, meets the minimum international standards. Also the efficacy of haemodialysis (kt/v) and urea reduction rate (URR) were better (but statistically insignificant) with three sessions per week protocol.