Effects of Organic and Nitrogen Fertilizer on Number of Leaves, Length of Leaves and Yields of Onion (Allium cepa L.) Var. Baftaim in Khartoum State

Abstract

Onion (Allium cepa L.) is major a vegetable crop in since the earliest records of history. It is grown almost in all parts of the world, top ten Onion producing countries in2008 were China, India , Australia, United stat, Pakistan ,Turkey ,Iran, Russia, Egypt and Brazil. World total production in 2008 was 72,348,213 metric tons. (FAO 2010) Onion in Sudan is the most important vegetable crop .It ranks first with regard to area and quantities produced , It is grows in several stat in the Sudan i.e River Nile , Gazira , Northern Darfure , Khartoum , Western Darfure , Kassala sennar and small area in the other stat . Most of Onion production is consumed locally and only negligible portion of the crop is dehydrated or exported as afresh crop. However, Onion is expected to be one of the most important exportable horticultural crops to the nigh boring African countries, gulf area, Europe and Asia. Sudan Onion is mainly grown during the winter season. Organic agriculture in defined a holistic production system which promotes and enhances agro-ecosystem health , including biological cycles and soil biological activity it emphasizes the use of management practices in preferences to use ,of off-farm inputs taking into account that regional conditions require locally system. In recent years there is an increasing importance of the need to develop organic agriculture as a dynamic system taken from nature and does not depend on chemical inputs that limits the increase of environmental pollution and progressively improve agricultural condition in the long term .Most countries o world promote organic farming In techniques in government policies (Abdalla2004).