Abstract:
This was a descriptive and cross sectional study conducted during the period
from May to August 2015 to determine the antibacterial activity of Lawsonia
inermis leaves extract against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and
Pseudomonas aeruginosa among recurrent urinary tract infection patients in
Omdurman Military Hospital. A total of 100 urine samples were collected
from patient with recurrent urinary tract infection. These specimens were
inoculated onto Cystine Lactose Electrolyte Deficiency (CLED) media and
incubated aerobically at 37˚C for 24 hours. The isolates were then identified
using conventional method. 32(32%) out of 100 investigated samples
showed bacterial growth. Eight of the patients were males and 24 were
females with age rang between 35-70 years (mean = 50.41±10.324). Out of
32 isolated bacteria, 4 were Staphylococcus aureus (12.5%), 16 Escherichia
coli (50%) and 3 Pseudomonas aeruginosa (9.4%). The reminder 9 (28%)
were other bacteria. The antibiotic susceptibility testing was performed
using standard disk diffusion method. The results showed that all S. aureus
isolates were resistant to penicillin (100%). 2(50%) out of 4 positive S.
aureus were susceptible to oxacillin while 2(50%) were oxacillin resistance.
S. aureus ATCC29213 was also susceptible to oxacillin. E. coli
susceptibility results revealed 12(75%) E. coli showed high resistance to
Naldixic Acid (88%) followed by Ceftriaxone (81%), Ciprofloxacin (75%)
and Gentamicin (69%). The reminder 4(25%) and E. coli ATCC25922 were
susceptible.
P. aeruginosa susceptibility results showed high resistance to Naldixic Acid
(100%) followed by Gentamicin (67%), Ceftriaxone (33%) and was
susceptible to Ciprofloxacin.
The antibacterial activity of Lawsonia inermis water and methanol leaves
extract against Staphylococcus aureus, MRSA, S. aureus ATCC29213,
Escherichia coli, E. coli ATCC25922, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and
P. aeruginosa ATCC27853 was performed at different concentrations using
the agar dilution method. Methanol extract of Lawsonia inermis showed
antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, S. aureus ATCC29213,
Escherichia coli, E. coli ATCC25922, P. aeruginosa and P. aeruginosa
ATCC27853 also water extract showed antibacterial activity against all
strains except Escherichia coli and E. coli ATCC25922. The MIC of henna
methanol and water extracts obtained by agar diffusion method for S. aureus
isolates was 12.5mg/ml / 25mg/ml, P. aeruginosa isolates was 6.25mg/ml
and 12.5mg/ml respectively. Also E. coli isolates was 25mg/ml in methanol
and resistance to water extract.
Gas chromatography analysis revealed that 51 chemical compound of
L. inermis (Henna) which identified qualitatively by retention time and
quantitatively by the area under curve. 30 active antibacterial compounds
were recorded.
