The Effect of Giardia Lamblia Infection on Some Haematological Parameters

Abstract

The study was carried out in Khartoum and Omdurman teaching hospitals to determine the effect of Giardia lamblia on hemoglobin level and total white blood cells. The study start in May 2007 to end July 2007, one hundred and half stool samples were collected and divided into three groups according to the questionnaire and microscopic examination of stool to non infected, infected before, and infected groups. Stool samples wee examined by wet preparation and concentration techniques; subsequently 150 blood samples were collected and analyzed using colorimetric method for haemoglobin level. The total white blood cells counts was done by using neubauer chamber. Differential leukocytes counts was used leishman stain to stain thin blood film. In Giardia Lamblia the haemoglobin level was found to be 12.07 g\dl, 11.90 g\dl and 11.30 g\dl in non infected, infected before and infected groups respectively. The haemoglobin level decreased in infected group with Giardia Lamblia and show significant differences between non infected and infected group at P<0.05. Haemoglobin were found to be higher in males than those of females in all groups. The level of haemoglobin in males was found to be 12.9 g\dl, 12.3 g\dl and 11.6 g\dl in non infected, infected before and infected groups respectively. Whereas the level in females was found to be 11.30 g\dl, 11.6 g\dl and 10.9 g\dl non infected, infected before infected groups respectively. Mean of total leukocyte counts was found to be 4800c\cumm³, 5300 c\cumm³and 6190 c\cumm³ in non infected, infected before and infected groups respectively. These results showed that Giardia Lamblia infected group had higher leukocyte count which exceed the mean of normal value. There was very highly significant differences at p<0.01 level between the non infected and infected group. The mean of neutrophils count was found to be 58.86%, 57.88% and 65.02% in non infected, infected before and infected groups respectively. There was very highly significant difference P<0.01 between the non infected and infected groups. Giardia lamblia had lower lymphocytes count 27.06% in infected group than 35.48% in infected before and 34.98%in non infected groups. The means showed that very highly significant difference P<0.01 between the non infected and infected groups. Infected group with Giardia lamblia had higher monocytes cells count7.54% than those of infected before 4.76% and non infected group 4.80%. The means were very highly significant difference P<0.01 between the non infected and infected groups. Eosinophils had higher cells count 2.3% of individuals who were infected with G.Lamblia, than those of Infected before 0.43% and non infected group 0.20%, with very highly significant differences p<0.01 between infected and infected before groups. Finally the means of Basophils cell counts were found to be higher in individuals who were infected with G.Lamblia 0.40% than those who had previous infection 0.24%, and 0.10% in those who had no infection. There was significant different p<0.05 between the infected and infected before groups.