Some infertility problems and their economical impacts in dairy farm in Eastern Nile Locality

Abstract

This study was conducted in Eastern Nile Locality Khartoum State, Sudan during the period (2008-2010). The primary objective of the study is to identify infertile cows and the, causes of infertility among the study population besides assess the economic impacts of infertility. The study was conducted in two phases; in phase one across sectional survey of cross bred dairy cattle was conducted in Eastern Nile Locality (ENL) were a total of 491 cows were examined for infertility by: case history, rectal palpation and serological test beside progesterone hormone levels determination. In phase two, slaughter house surveys were conducted at Alshaheed-Nasraldeen and Alkadaro slaughter houses, in these survey 164 genital tracts were examined for any abnormality associated with infertility (local cows and heifers were removed). The study revealed that about 17% of the examined cows were infertile. Eighty seven and half percent (78.5%) of them were due to direct causes. Indirect causes were 12.5% of the total infertile. Follicular cysts were the major cause followed by inactive ovary and Brucellosis had significant effect on infertility. Economic losses were estimated as due to calves loss which accounted to SDG 65,875per year. Losses due to culling were SDG 36.000 and that due to milk loss was SDG 856,800/year. The cost of veterinary intervention was estimated as cost of diagnosis which accounted to SDG 1455 and the cost of treatment as SDG 3062. The slaughter house survey revealed that 58 out of 128 examined cows were infertile. The direct infertility causes accounted to 45.31% while the indirect causes accounted for35.1%. Pregnant cows reported as19.59 % the major causes of direct infertility were follicular cyst (11.65%), and metritis (8.84%), persistent Corpus lutetium (7.77%) and inactive ovary (7.77%) and pyometra (4.85%). Also the study revealed that 19.53% of the examined cows were pregnant.