اقتصاديات إنتاج الصمغ العربي و تسويقة في السودان 2004 م – 1970

Abstract

للصمغ العربي السودانى فى كل من فرنسا، الوليات التحدة، بريطانيا ، ايطاليا، الانيا ، اليابان والهند، 8 - أجراء دراسة علمية تحدد ما إذا كان من مصلحة السودان من زيادة النتاج والصادر من صمغ الطلح مع تقدير الثر الذي يتكه صادر صمغ الطلح على كميات صادر صمغ الهشواب الذي يعتب الكب قيمة من الناحية البيئية والقتصادية والجتماعية، حيث توصلت هدذه الدراسة الى أن صادر صمغ الطلح أحد أهدم التغيات الحددة والؤثرة على صادرات صمغ الهشواب خلل الفتة محل الدراسة. Abstract Gum arabic is one of the most important cash crops in the agricultural traditional rain feel sector, which is still suffering from the continuing deterioration on production. Gum arabic is one of the important sources of public revenues for the government, through the proceeds of the hard currency, as it contributes about 15% of total foreign earnings to the country before the contribution of XIII Sudanese oil revenues, and also an essential source of incomes for majority of the producers living in the gum arabic belt . The gum arabic economics is affected by the marketing policies, the government intervention policies, and the failure of the marketing mechanism. This study aimed at describing and evaluating the effect of the marketing and pricing policies on the gum arabic economics in the Sudan. It also attempts to measure the most important variables affecting the gum arabic production, prices, exports and revenues. Further more of seeks to rate the general trends during the period under consideration (1970-2004) in order to forecast the general future trends. This study depends on historical approach to study and review the historical development of the gum arabic trade in Sudan, and the context that lead to the foundation of the gum arabic company in 1969.In the stages of development, policies, revenues, and assessment of effectiveness in achieving its stated objectives. The study used descriptive statistics analysis to measure production, exports, global demand, prices and revenues. Regression analysis was also used to analyses to determine the most explants variables in production, local prices, exports prices, and revenues, during the period considered and also measure on forecast the general trends of these values and quantities in the future. The study utilized secondary time series data for the period (1970-2004), which was collected XIV from gum arabic Company Ltd, and the Bank of Sudan. The results of this study are: - 1 - The general trend of the gum arabic production is declining during the period under study, due to high marketing cost, high production cost and low floor price. 2 - The general trend of gum arabic exports is declining during the period under the study, due to high marketing cost, high talha gum exports which are a competitor of the gum arabic, high official exchange rate, and low global demand for gum arabic in the world market. 3 -The general trend of gum arabic export price is declining during the period under study due to high production cost, high floor price, and high the official exchange rate and low global demand for gum arabic. 4 - The general trend of the floor and local price is increasing during the period under study due to high marketing cost, high production cost, low official exchange rate and low global demand for gum Arabic. 5 - The general trend of revenue of gum arabic exports is declining due to low gum arabic export, low export price, and high official exchange rate. According to this study the recommendations are: - 1- Adoption of production policy in order to encourage the gum arabic producers to increase the production through decreasing production costs, marketing costs, and increasing the floor price. These prices should be announced early enough to enable farmers make informed decisions. XV 2 – Adoption of suitable marketing policy in order to increase the gum arabic export in the world market by decreasing the marketing cost, decreasing the official exchange rate, the talha gum export, and increasing the global demand for gum arabic in the world market. 3 – Adoption of encouraging pricing policy in order to increasing and stabilize the gum arabic export price by decreasing the marketing costs, production costs, the official exchange rate, and increasing the global demand for gum arabic in the world market. 4 – Adoption of fixable policy for increasing exports revenues through increasing the gum arabic exports, increasing export price, and decreasing the official exchange rate. 5– Privation of rural financial services to enable producers to face the production costs and there consumption needs and food and water. This is best done through establishing rural producer organizations or cooperative societies 6 – Setup and Support proper establishment of strategic stock of the gum arabic to ensure smooth flow of gum arabic to importers and end user using reduces the risk faced by end user and encore then not to look for substitutes. 8 – Proposing the effect of talha production on production and trade of gum arabic .It is believed that there is se negative effect of talha production on gum arabic production