Plasma Activity of Aspartate and Alanine Transaminases, Alkaline Phosphatase and Albumin Levels in Sudanese Patients with Chronic Renal Failure

Abstract

A cross-sectional study conducted during the period November 2008 to March 2009, compared the plasma levels of aspartate transaminase(AST), alanine transaminase(ALT), alkaline phosphatase(ALP) activity and albumin concentration of 40 Sudanese patient with chronic renal failure (as a test group) and 30 apparently healthy volunteers (as a control group). Patients included in the study were from Dr. Selma Center for Dialysis and Kidney Transplantation. The test group and the control group were matched in terms of age and gender (males and females). The AST, ALT, ALP activity and albumin concentration were measured using BTS- Biosystem analyzer from Biosystem Company. Plasma AST, ALT and ALP were significantly increased, whereas Plasma Albumin was significantly reduced (p<0.05) in the test group compared to the control group. Mean± SD for renal failure group versus controls: (27.1±3.3) versus (21.3±1.8) u/l, (P= 0.025) for AST activity; (29.2±5.0) versus (20.1±1.7) u/l, p= (0.010) for ALT activity; (46.5±5.4) versus (41.5±3.3 u/l, (P= 0.033) for ALP activity; (37±17) versus (45±4) g/l, (P= 0.024) for albumin concentration. In the test group, there were no correlation between the duration of renal failure (in years), and the activity of the above enzymes (AST, ALT, ALP) and albumin levels in plasma. From this study, it is concluded that: AST, ALT and ALP activity are increased and albumin concentration is reduced in Sudanese patients with chronic renal failure. These changes are not correlated with the duration of the disease.