Assessment of Serum Sodium and Potassium Levels among Patients with COVID-19 in Khartoum State

Abstract

Background: Corona virus (Covid-19) affected more than 500 million confirmed cases and over six million deaths which have been reported globally by WHO statistical report on May 2021. Electrolyte disorders particularly potassium and sodium abnormalities have been repeatedly reported as common clinical manifestations of COVID-19. Aim: This study aimed to assess plasma sodium and potassium among Sudanese patients with covid-19 in Khartoum state. Method: A quantitative method was used to measure the levels of serum potassium and sodium in covid-19 Sudanese male and female patients during the period from March to August 2022. This is case control study was conducted in Jabra isolation Canter for Covid-19. The study included 50 patients with Covid-19 and 50 healthy people as control. Plasma sodium and potassium were estimated using EasyLyte analyzer is a completely automated. The data was analysed by SPSS. Results: result of this study showed there was significant decrease in sodium (131.7 ±7.203 versus 139.1 ±2.911 IU/L, P- value =0.00), while there was significant increase in potassium (3.7 ±0.657 versus 3.4 ±0.078 IU/L, P- value =0.00) respectively. Also this study showed the comparison between the mean and standard deviation of sodium and potassium in case group according to its health situation. The result showed there were significant increase in mean of potassium among CCU patients compared to floor patients (p- value =0.03) and no significant difference in the mean of sodium (p-value =0.15). There was no correlation between sodium and potassium levels in case group (r=-0.08, p= 0.54). Also there were no correlation between sodium, potassium levels and age of patients (r= -0.17, p= 0.23) (r= -0.14, p= 0.31) respectively. Conclusions: According to result of this study it is concluded that sodium is decreased and potassium is increased in Covid-19 patients compared with healthy patients, according to health situation there were no difference in mean concentration of sodium among Floor, CCU and ICU. But there was significant increase in mean concentration of potassium among CCU patients compare with Floor patients. There was no correlation between sodium. Potassium level and age.