Study of Renal Function in Hypertensive and Diabetic Patients using Renal Scintigraphy and Doppler Ultrasonography

Abstract

Diabetes mellitus (DM) and hypertension (HTN) affected the renal function and hence is very important to use the rapid and accurate diagnostic techniques. The objective of the study was to study of renal function in hypertensive and diabetic patients using renal scintigraphy and doppler ultrasonography, this retrospective study was done on 150 patients both gender, their ages ranged between (20 - 85) years with hypertensive and diabetic diseases suffering from renal disorder and referred to nuclear medicine department in radiation and isotopes centre -khartoum (RICK) who underwent renal scintigraphy and doppler Ultrasonography. the renal scintigraphy has been carried out using a dose calibrator to measure the activity of radiopharmaceutical (Tc99m - DTPA as 5mCi) before injection to the patient, as well the data acquired from the region of interest using SPECT gamma camera system model (nucline spirit (DHV) variable angle dual head SPECT and whole body DH -503066-VO) and the Doppler indices (RI and PI) was measured using doppler ultrasound machine Model: medson- sonoac X8, Probe: convex probe (2.5-5 MHz). The results showed that the age and weight affected the result of total GFR in an inverse linear relationship, therefore the GFR decreased linearly when age and weight increases by 0.087 ml/year and 0.06 ml/Kg respectively. while the increase of height directly increases the total GFR values linearly by 0.14 ml/cm. and the BMI showed an inverse linear relationship with total GFR where the total GFR decreases by 0.53 ml/kg/m2, since BMI indicate body mass index, the weight pay an obviously role in the decrease of the total GFR. In doppler ultrasonography the Pulsatility Index (PI) showed inverse linear relationship with GFR where GFR decreases by 58 ml/one unit of PI, similarly the Resistive index (RI) also showed an inverse linear relationship with GFR where it decreased by 141 ml/one unit of RI; but using linear regression relationship only the PI got a significance relation with GFR, therefore the results of total GFR using renal scintigraphy can be predicted using Pulsatility Index (PI) in doppler ultrasonography results objectively by applying the following equation: GFR = 134.31- (57.72×PI), and hence can send the patients to renal scintigraphy if needed based on the doppler results.