Detection of Antibiotics - Resistance Bacteria among Diabetic Foot Ulcer Patients in Khartoum State – Sudan 2022

Abstract

Diabetic foot infection is a severe complication being faced by a large number of diabetic patients. Caused by many types of bacteria some of these are resistant to antibiotics ;thus lead to spread of lesions in the deep tissues may increase the risk of the amputation. The early detection and proper treatment of infection is essential to limit this complication. This is descriptive cross sectional study was conducted in Khartoum State, Sudan during the period from May 2022-September2022, aimed to determine the frequency of antibiotic resistant bacteria among diabetic foot infection patients to find most risk factors associate with generating resistance to antibiotic. Seventy swab samples were taken from lesion of diabetic patients. Identification of Bacteria by using different biochemical tests and antibiotic susceptibility test was performed. Out of seventy samples processed 66(94%) of them showed growth. The results showed that 66 patients sample (29/66) (44%) were diabetic foot ulcer patients have bacteria sensitive to antibiotics, compared to (37/66) (56%) with antibiotic resistant bacteria. There was no significance association between antibiotics resistance and gender with p.value (0.144), and age with p.value (0.477). Also no significance association with type of diabetes with p.value (0.582). The most isolated organism was Gram-negative bacteria the most common one is Pseudomonas.sp (15) (22.7%).The isolated bacteria showed varying susceptibility pattern to the antibiotics used and the most resistance found in gram-positive bacteria by Staphylococus.aureus (14) (25.8%) against Penicillin . Finding of this study indicate high frequency of bacterial strains resistant to antibiotics in diabetic foot ulcer which may increase the risk of amputation.