Analysis of Toxic Elements, Heavy and Radioactive in Kadugli Soil using Spectroscopic Techniques

Abstract

There is a clear interest in recent years to determine the concentrations of radioactive, toxic and heavy elements in the soil of areas of traditional mining, and find out if these concentrations are within the safe limit or exceed the safe limit, considers Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS) and Inducted Coupled Plasma (ICP) it is one of the most promising, fast and accurate methods for analyzing soil samples This study aimed, Spectroscopic techniques were applied to detect and determine the concentrations of different elements. The mean aim of this research was used Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS) and Inducted Coupled Plasma (ICP) to detect and calculate the concentrations of different elements. and to identify the toxic, heavy and radioactive elements in Kadugli city by Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS) and to determine the concentrations of toxic, heavy and radioactive elements in Kadugli city by Inductivity Coupled Plasma (ICP),and to calculate concentration of toxic, heavy and radioactive elements detected by LIBS system using calibration function, and to determine relative stander deviation and limit of detection of element in all samples. And to explain the reasons for the increase in the incidence of old humans' disease and providing the yellowish color of the teeth, and respiratory problems of newborns. fifteen surface soil samples that collected from Kadugli city, all samples were taken with a depth of ten centimeters at a distance of two linear Kilometers inside city, These samples were kept in plastic tubes with a tight lid After detection all samples contains four toxic elements (Sulfur(S), Arsenic (As), Cerium (Ce) and Iodine(I), five heavy elements (Sodium (Na), Magnesium (Mg), Phosphorus(P), Titanium (Ti) and Barium (Ba), Erath’s Metal elements (Titanium (Ti), Iron (Fe) , Manganese (Mn) ,Barium (Ba) and Magnesium (Mg) ) in addition to one radioactive element (Rubidium (Rb).The average concentration for (Ti) was33.4 ppm , 6.4 ppm for (Fe) , 2.3 ppm for (Mn) , 3254 ppm for (Ba) , 53.2 ppm for (Mg) ,3521 ppm for (Na), 481.3 ppm for (Ce),4652 ppm for (P), 6241 ppm for (I) and 33.4 for (Rb) . The accuracy of LIBS system in range of (0.967 and 0.997). The concentration of detected elements presents in soil samples have low value, in a previous study in 2015, after analyzing the soil, it was found that it contains the following heavy metals (Nickel (Ni), Cadmium (Cd), Chromium (Cr), Lead (Pb)). in a previous study in 2002, after analyzing the soil, it was found that it contains the following heavy and toxic metals (Chromium (Cr), Lead (Pb), Zinc (Zn), Cobalt (Co), Mercuric (Hg)) and we found that LIBS system more accurate than ICP.