Frequency of Vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus amongst Bacteria Isolated from Patients with Wound Infection in khartoum State hospitals

Abstract

This is a descriptive cross-sectional study carried out in Khartoum State, during the period from February 2022 to May 2022. The study was designed to investigate the frequency of vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus amongst bacteria isolated from patients with wound infection. A total of 100 specimens were collected from patients who attended Hospitals in Khartoum. The specimens were collected from both males and females. The age of patients ranged from 3 to 75 years old. The specimens were cultured on blood agar and mannitol salt agar then incubated aerobically. The isolated bacteria were identified according to their colonial morphology, Gram reaction and biochemical reaction. These isolates were tested for susceptibility for several antibiotics by disc diffusion technique. A total of 48 S. aureus were identified. The result revealed that antibiotic susceptibility patterns of 48 S. aureus were analyzed for 6 types of antimicrobial agents by Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method. The results revealed that S. aureus was resistant to Amoxicillin 68 %, Ciprofloxacin 57%, Ceftriaxone 42%, Amikacin 34%, Methicillin 19%, vancomycin 6.3 %. Interestingly, 54.2% isolates were multi drugs resistance. However, 5 isolates were sensitive to all antibiotics tested, and only 3 isolates were resistant to vancomycin. This study concluded that there is high rate of resistance to many drugs and developing little resistance to vancomycin, so appropriate drug prescription is based on susceptibility testing. To avoid resistance antibiotic such Vancomycin should be used judiciously, as the resistance rate is increased. Further studies with large sample size is required to validate the result of the present study.