The Utility of Serum Total and Placental Alkaline Phosphatase Activity (ALP) as a Predictive Marker for Preeclampsia among Sudanese Pregnant Women in Khartoum State

Abstract

Background and Aim: Preeclampsia is a potentially serious complication of pregnancy with increasing significance worldwide. About 2-fold increased ALP in Preeclampsia groups indicative of placental dysfunction, Serum total alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and placenta alkaline phosphatase (PALP) measurement can afford a simple, reliable and economical adjunctive laboratory parameter in hypertensive disorders of pregnancy. The aim of this study was to determine the utility of serum and placental ALP as a Predictive marker for preeclampsia among Sudanese pregnant females. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional comparative hospital-based study conducted in Khartoum state at Omdurman Maternity Hospital form March to June 2022. Hundred Sudanese pregnant women aged between (15-45) years old were included, of them 50 pregnant women with preeclampsia and 50 apparently healthed pregnant women as control. The serum TALP and PALP was measured by using full automation analyser (response® 910). The data obtained was analyzed by using SPSS version 20 program. Results: The study showed insignificant difference in mean of total ALP in preeclamptic group compared to normal pregnant women (P.value > 0.05), However there was significant increase in means of PALP (Mean±SD 151.5± 76.1IU/L vs 111.1±65.4 IU/L, P.value < 0.05) and the ratio of PALP/TALP (mean ±SD 0.66 ±0.2 IU/L vs 0.52±0.1 IU/L, P.value < 0.05) in preeclamptic group when compared to normal pregnant women. The Receiver operating characteristics curve (ROC) showed an optimum cut offs PALP (133 IU/L) and ratio (0.589 IU/L) in predictor of preeclampsia in pregnancy. Conclusion: Sudanese women with preeclampsia had elevated serum PALP and ratio of PALP/TALP. Moreover PALP and ratio of PALP/TALP can be used as predictive marker of preeclampsia in pregnancy.