Evaluation of the Impact of Diabetes on Liver, Spleen and Pancreas using Computed Tomography Scan

Abstract

This study was a descriptive - case-control study done in Kingdome of Saudi Arabia –Jeddah city at "International Medical Centre" in the period from January 2018 to October 2020. Group of 196 subjects 100 of them have had type II diabetic Mellitus patients and 96 non-diabetic patients as a control group aged from 31 to 85 years, 54% were males and 46% females. Over time high blood glucose levels cause damage to most body organs, the aim of this study to evaluate the impact of diabetes on the liver, spleen, and pancreas. Abdominal computerize tomography scanning was performed for each patient to measure the CT number of liver, spleen, and pancreas also the size of liver and spleen in diabetic & non-diabetic groups. And to correlate after measuring the attenuation and size of liver, spleen, and pancreas by CT with age, body mass index, type of diabetes, and duration of diabetes. The data were collected using a data collecting sheet to record age, gender, BMI, liver attenuation (HIU) spleen and pancreas attenuation, liver and spleen size, diabetic duration clinical finding and HbA1c All data obtained in the study were documented and analyzed using the SPSS program to test the significance of differences, the p-value of less than 0.05 was considered to be statistically significant. The study found that there was a significant difference in liver attenuation in diabetic and control group p <0.01, the left liver lobe (segment3) attenuation in DM patients was 44.62±9.93 HU and in non-diabetic was 56.2±10.69 HU, the right liver lobe (segment 5) attenuation for diabetic patients was 43.46±9.77 HU and in non-diabetic was 56.02±10.65 HU, the right liver lobe (segment 6) attenuation for diabetic patients was 44.62±9.93 HU and non-diabetic was 56.2±10.69 HU, there was a negative moderate significant correlation between duration of diabetes and attenuation (HU) of the liver, P< 0.01 The thesis concluded that a strong relationship exists between BMI and duration of disease and liver size measurement changes and Hounsfield units on CT scan.