Assessmemt of Anticardiolipin Antibody and Urine Albumin Creatinine Ratio in Sudanese Pregnant Women with Preeclampsia

Abstract

Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy is an umbrella term that includes preeclampsia (PE) which complicates up to 10% of pregnancies, is the cause of 9% to 26% of global maternal mortality, and represent a significant proportion of preterm delivery, and maternal and neonatal morbidity. Is a potentially serious complication of pregnancy as suspected preeclampsia is the most frequent clinical presentation to obstetric unit. It is associated with severe complications such as seizures, stroke, and multiple organ failure. The aim of this study is to assess anticardiolipin antibody and spot urinary albumin: creatinine ratio in pregnant women patients with preeclampsia. This cross sectional study was conducted at Omdurman Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology on 80 Sudanese pregnant women according to selection criteria, and the study carried out in Omdurman Militarily Hospital in Khartoum State, on a total of 80 samples including 40 Preclamptic females as case group and 40 healthy pregnant females as controls. Serum anticardiolipin antibody (IgG aCL) levels was estimated using ELISA method, and urine albumin: creatinine ratio was estimated using Cobas Integra 400 plus automated analyzer. Data was analyzed by using the SPSS computer software program version 24. This study showed that the levels of urine albumin: creatinine ratio was significantly increased with (P-value= 0.000); while there was insignificant decrease in levels of IgG anticardiolipin antibody (IgG aCL) with (P-value= 0.517) in preeclampsia patients compared to control group. Insignificant negative correlation was observed between urine albumin creatinine ratio level and blood pressure (R=-0.002, P-value=0.989), also an association between IgG anticardiolipin antibody level and blood pressure was revealed insignificant negative correlation (R=-0.179, P-value =0.269). There was insignificant weak positive correlation between levels of urinary albumin: creatinine ratio and IgG anticardiolipin antibody with value (R =0.295, P-value =0.064). From the results and findings of this study, it is concluded that: The urinary levels of albumin: creatinine ratio are higher in preeclampsia patients, and the levels of IgG anticardiolipin antibody remained within the normal range in both case and control groups. Negative correlation were found between blood pressure of preeclamptic pregnant women and their levels of urinary albumin: creatinine ratio and IgG anticardiolipin antibody.