Effects of Allelopathy of Some Plants on striga (Striga hermonthica) and Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) Growth.

Abstract

Greenhouse and Laboratory experiment was conducted in the Weed Science Center, (WSC), during the season 2018/2019,at the College of Agricultural Studies (CAS), Sudan University of Science and Technology(SUST) at Shambat, Khartoum North to determine the allelopathy effects of different nine plants (leaves and seeds) in form of water extracts concentrated 50% and 100% on Striga hermonthica seeds germination and radical length. The nineplants were(Acacia nilotica, Cassia angutitifolia and Prosopis spp,Chicory spp, Calotrops procera, Ammi visnaga L.,Citrulls colocynthis, Trigonella foenum graecam, and Lupines termis L). The results showed that the Striga seeds applied with GR24 showed the highest germination 63%, whereas, that treated with sterile distilled water did not germinate.There were some treatments acts as stimulants in 50%, concentration; Cassia angustifolia, Acacia nilotica and Prosopis spp. The other treatments act as inhibiters at 100%;Ammi visnagal, Calotrops procera, Lupines termis L, Acacia nilotica,and Chiocory. The finding of the present study indicates that Cassia agustifolia(leaves), Acacia nilotica(leaves) and Prosopis spp(seeds) stimulantS. hermonthica seeds germination. The pots experiment based on labrotary experiment results, the best three stimulent plants to striga germination were chosen, Acacia nilotica, Cassia angutitifolia and Prosopis spp powder (leaves and seeds)to determine the allelophathy effects on striga emergence and growth of Sorghum(Sorghum bicolor).Experiment lied with Randomized complete block design (RCBD)with four replications.Sorghum cultivar Wadbakoo was sown, seeds (Va) and leaves(Vb) powder of Acacia nilotica,Cassia angutitifolia,and Prosopis spp50 gm/pot were added all this treatments applied somepotswithout striga and some with srigaand striga added 1 mg/pot. The measurements used were striga emergence, striga fresh and dry weight, and for sorghum; plant height, leaves number, chlorophyll content, shoot dry weight and root dry weight (g). The results revealed that the different plants powder,have ability to increase Sorghum height, leaves number and chlorophyll contentand at the same time stimulatedStriga seeds germination. Acacia nilotica, Cassia angutitifolia and Prosopis spp powder (leaves and seeds) were act as stimulants of striga seeds germination on Sorghum. The finding of the present study indicate that Cassia agustifolia(leaves), Acacia nilotica(leaves) and Prosopis spp(seeds) can considered to be a stimulants to striga hermonthica seeds germination that had great effect on striga control and management.The results showed that the allelopathy effect of the nine plants is notcompletely inhibited or stimulanted for striga seed germination, some are stimulants and the others are inhibiters