Evaluation of Vitamin (D) and Calcium Levels among Postmenopausal Women in Khartoum State

Abstract

Background: A deficiency of vitamin D results in inadequate intestinal absorption and renal reabsorption of calcium and phosphate, as a consequence, serum calcium and phosphate levels fall and serum alkaline phosphatase activity increases, in response to these low serum calcium levels, hyperparathyroidism occurs. Increased levels of PTH, along with whatever 1α, 25(OH) 2D3 is still present at the onset of the deficiency, result in the demineralization of bone and this ultimately leads to rickets in children and osteomalacia and osteoporosis in adults. Objective: This study was carried out In order to evaluate vitamin D and calcium level in postmenopausal Sudanese females which can lead to bones disorder such as osteoporosis the study was conducted in Yastabshiroon hospital, in Khartoum state during the period from March 2017 to May 2018. Material and Methods: Descriptive cross-sectional hospital-based study enrolled ninety subjects, and then classified based on Menstrual Cycle into two groups (group premenopausal and group postmenopausal). The group of premenopausal consider as control group. Vitamin D was estimated using Euroimmum 25-OH vitamin D competitive ELISA kits, calcium was estimated by chemical method and estimated using acid method, and results data obtained were analyzed using (SPSS version 23). Results: The results showed that the mean level of vitamin D was significantly decreased among Postmenopausal Females (14.0 ± 6.19) in comparison with in Premenopausal Females (23.0 ± 8.33) with (P-value 0.000) respectively. The mean of Calcium level showed significant decreased in Postmenopausal Females (7.8 ± 0.94) in comparison with Premenopausal Females (9.6 ± 1.16) with (P-value 0.000). Conclusion: we found Plasma vitamin D and calcium levels are decreased in postmenopausal women Recommendation: Based on these results, monitoring of serum vitamin D should be useful and recommended measure in Postmenopausal Females regularly. Concluded, more studies are needed to evaluate the possible effect of vitamin D, calcium levels with post Postmenopausal Females such as parathyroidism and Genetic problems of vitamin D receptors.