Detection of Toxic Shock Syndrome Gene in Staphylococcus aureus Isolated from Clinical Samples from Sudanese Patients in Khartoum State

Abstract

Toxic Shock Syndrome (TSS) is a bacterial infection most commonly caused by the toxins released by Staphylococcus aureus. The aim of study was to determine the toxic shock syndrome gene in Staphylococcus aureus associated with different types of infections among Sudanese patients in Khartoum State using PCR assay. Participants of this study were of different age groups whom visited hospitals for care or for treatment of several illnesses. Total number of 65 Staphylococcus aureus isolates were collected from different hospitals. There was 30 (46.1%) isolates from infected wounds followed by urine isolates 25 (38. 5%) and blood isolates10 (15.4%). Then isolates were reidentified by using gram stain, and biochemical tests (Mannitol salt agar, MacConkey, Coagulase test, Catalase test, Deoxyribonuclease test). Then susceptibility testing was done, by using the following antibiotics: Vancomycin, Methicillin, Ciprofloxacin and Gentamicin discs on Muller-Hinton agar. Vancomycin is showing higher degree of resistance 40 (61.5%), following by Methicillin 29 (44.6%). After that DNA was extracted by using Guanidine hydrochloride method. Then PCR was done for confirmation of S. aureus by using 16S rRNA Staphylococcus aureus specific primer, and then detection of TSST-1 gene. Most of study population were females 36 (55.4%); were 5 (62.5%) of them positive to TSST-1 gene. While males were 29 (44.6%); were 3 (37.5%) of them positive to TSST-1gene. And there was no significant association between the presence of TSST-1 gene and age groups. From all identified 65 S. aureus TSST-1 gene was present in 8 (12.3%) clinical isolates.