Quality Evaluation of Manufactured Baby Milks in Khartoum State Markets

Abstract

This study was carried out to insure the quality of selected types of baby milk formula sold at Khartoum State markets (Khartoum, Khartoum North and Omdurman). The types of baby milk formula used in this study were: Bebelac, Mamex and Sahha. Proximate chemical, microbial and sensory tests were conducted. Also minerals and total value of energy were determined. Samples have been divided into three groups according to the classification of the producers companies depending on the different nutritional requirements of babies during the first years of life. Group (1) (Birth - 6) months Group (2) (7-12) months Group (3) (1 - 3) years In samples of group (1) protein contents were 9.42, 10.55 and 11.31% for Bebelac, Mamex and Sahha, respectively. Carbohydrate contents were 52.93, iii 59.34 and 56.53%. Fat contents were 25.73, 25.11 and 25.90% and ash contents 3, 2.5 and 2.99%, respectively. Samples of group (2) showed protein contents 14.90, 14.79 and 15.50% for Bebelac, Mamex and Sahha, respectively and the carbohydrate contents 86.51, 59.21 and 52.8%. Fat contents 21.42, 20 and 25.10% where ash contents 3, 3.5 and 3.5%, respectively. For group (3) the protein contents for Bebelac, Mamex and Sahha were 15.4, 14.5 and 14.98%, respectively and the carbohydrate contents were 50.90, 58.5 and 52.65%. The ash contents 3.26, 3 and 3.52%, respectively. Only the samples of the Bebelac milk contain amount of fibers ranges 5.31 - 5.41% in the three groups. Moisture content in all samples ranged 2.5- 3.5%. With regard to minerals (mg/100g) they were as follows: Ca contents for Bebelac, Mamex and Sahha in group (1) were 364, 388 and 440, respectively. P contents were 202, 216 and 220 where Fe contents were 3.90, 3.90 and 6.00. Na contents were 127, 153 and 120. K contents were 474, 479 and 460. Cl contents were 309, 370 and 325. Mg contents were 36, 38 and 38. Zn contents were 3.6, 3.6 and 3.8, respectively. For group (2) the samples of Bebelac, Mamex and Sahha gave Ca contents 642, 560 and 750. P contents were 401, 349 and 390. Fe contents were 6.9, 6.4 and 8.5 where Na contents were 205, 166 and 205. K contents were 711, 638 and 800. Cl contents were 470, 383 and 540. Mg contents were 52, 52 and 48. Zn contents were 4.2, 3.5 and 3, respectively. For group (3) Ca contents were 755, 777 and 855 for the samples of Bebelac, Mamex and Sahha, respectively. P contents were 630, 590 and 630. Fe contents were 7, 6 and 8. Na contents were 220, 170 and 290. K contents were 730, 700 and 920. Cl contents were 570, 550 and 860. Mg contents were 61, 62 and 60 where Zn contents were 16, 14.5 and 14, respectively. iv ‫‪2.2×10, 1.4×102 and 4.0 for Bebelac, Mamex and Sahha, respectively. For group‬‬ ‫‪(3) Bebelac, Mamex and Sahha gave 7.0, 1.1×102 and 5×10. All samples were‬‬ ‫.‪free of coliforms, E. coli, salmonella, yeasts and moulds‬‬ ‫:‪Total energy values (kcal/100g) were as follows‬‬ ‫,‪Group (1) 480.97, 505.55 and 504.46 for Bebelac, Mamex and Sahha‬‬ ‫‪respectively‬‬ ‫,‪Group (2) 459.82, 476.00 and 499.10 for Bebelac, Mamex and Sahha‬‬ ‫‪respectively‬‬ ‫,‪Group (3) 458.70, 476.60 and 500.47 for Bebelac, Mamex and Sahha‬‬ ‫‪respectively‬‬ ‫‪Sensory evaluations have also been conducted for all samples. And the‬‬ ‫.‪results varied in colour, flavour, texture and overall acceptability‬‬