Assessment of Plasma Levels of Total Cholesterol, Triglycerides, HbA1C and Body Mass Index in Sudanese Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Abstract

This is a case-control study conducted in Omdurman Military Hospital and Zenam Diabetic Center in Khartoum state, Sudan, during the period from March to June 2012. The study aimed to assess plasma levels of triglycerides, total cholesterol, HbA1C and body mass index (BMI) of 100 Sudanese patients with type 2 Diabetes mellitus. (49 males and 51 females) as a test group and 50 Sudanese healthy (non-diabetic) subjects (24 males and 26 females) as a control group. The test and the control groups were matched in term of age and gender. Plasma levels of triglycerides and total cholesterol were measured using Biosystem BTS- 305 spectrophotometer and commercial kits from Biosystem Company, Glycosylated Haemoglobin (HbA1c) for each sample was measured using Nycocard reader II and commercial kits from Nycocard Company. Statistical package for social science (SPSS version 11.5) computer software was used for data analysis. The results showed that the means of plasma levels of total cholesterol, triglycerides, HbA1C and body mass index (BMI) were significantly higher in test group compared to the control (P > 0.050).The study showed a significant weak positive correlation between HbA1C % and the plasma levels of both total Cholesterol (r = 0. 283, p = 0.028) and Triglycerides (r =0.288, p =0.026) of diabetic group. The study also showed a significant moderate positive correlation between the body mass index (BMI) and the plasma levels of total Cholesterol (r = 0.447, p = 0.000), and insignificant week positive correlation between the body mass index and the plasma levels of Triglycerides (r = 0.124, p =0.346) of the diabetic group. From the results of this study it is concluded that: Total Cholesterol, Triglycerides, HbA1C and body mass index in diabetic patients significantly increased when compared with non diabetic control subjects. Also there was a significant weak positive correlation between HbA1C % and plasma levels of total Cholesterol and triglycerides in diabetic group, Furthermore, there was a significant moderate positive correlations between body mass index and plasma levels of total Cholesterol in diabetic group. Moreover, there was an insignificant weak positive correlation between body mass index and Triglycerides.