Immunohistochemical Detection 0f Bcl2 in Cervical Tumors

Abstract

This is a descriptive Retrospective hospital based study conducted in Omdurman Military hospital, Ribat teaching hospital and Soba teaching hospital in Khartoum state, during the period from April to August 2014. The study aimed to detect the expression of Bcl-2 proteins in cervical tumors using immunohistochemical method. Forty paraffin embedded blocks previously diagnosed as cervical tumors were collected. Samples include 30 (75%) malignant tumors (28/30) samples were squamous cell carcinoma and (2/30) samples were adenocarcinoma and 10 (25%) samples were benign tumors. The patients age ranged between 30 and 85 years with mean age 55 years, most patients (26) were less than 70 years representing (65%) and the remaining 14 (35%) patients were more than 70 years. One section of 3 µm thickness was cut from each paraffin block by rotary microtome and stained by immunohistochemical method (modified new indirect method) for detection of Bcl-2. Data collected from patient’s files and results obtained were analyzed using SPSS computer program. Immunohistochemical expression of Bcl-2 was revealed positive result in 12/30 samples and negative result in 18/30 in malignant samples while all benign tumors gaved negative result for Bcl2, with significant statistical association between Bcl-2 expression and histopathology diagnosis (P=0.02). Out of 12 Bcl2 positive samples, 11 samples were squamous cell carcinoma and only one sample was adenocarcinoma with no statistical association between Bcl-2 expression and type of cancer (P=0.78). Comparing the expression of Bcl-2 and the grade of the cancer the positive result was detected in 2/4 samples of well differentiated tumors, 5/12 samples of moderately differentiated tumors and 4/12 samples of poorly differentiated tumors with no relation between histological grade of tumor and Bcl-2 expression (P=0.55). This study concludes that there is association between Bcl-2 expression and malignant tumors of cervix, with no association with both type of cancer and the histological grade of tumor.