Evaluation of Some Hematological Parameters in Sickle Cell AnemiaChildren in Omdurman Locality

Abstract

This is a case control study, conducted in Omdurman locality during the period from April to May 2015, to evaluate (Hb , RBCs, HCT, MCV, MCH, MCHC, Platelets, WBCs) of 70 Sudanese Sickle cell anemia children as case and 30 as a control group . children s parents have been informed about the study and agreed forparticipation. Aquestionnaire was designed to collect demographic data about the study group. Two and half ml venous blood was collected in EDTA anticoagulant container and analyzed in automated hematological analyzer (Sysmex(F-820).) to measure Some hematological parameters, and the results were analyzed using SPSS computer programme. The results showed that:RBCs (2.6±0.9×1012), Hb(6.9±1.4g/dl), HCT(20.8±4.3%), MCV(79.9±11.8fl), MCH(26.9±4.7pg), MCHC (33.5±1.6%) WBCs (19.2±8.9×109/L), ,platelets count (348±1.57×109/L) in case and RBCs (4.1±0.4×1012), Hb (12.6±0.4g/dl) HCT(36.7±2.3%), MCV (90.6±6.2fl), MCH (28.9±1.9 pg) MCHC (33.6±1.3%) WBCs(5.2±1.3×109/L) platelets (237.3±48.3×109/L) were found in control group. RBCs, Hb, HCT, MCV,and MCH lower in patient than control group (Mean±SD: RBCs(2.6±0.9×1012),Hb(6.9±1.4g/dl),HCT(20.8±4.3%),MCV(79.9±11.) and MCH(26.9±4.7pg) .The difference was statistically significant(p=0.00,0.00,0.00,0.00,0.02), Insignificant in mean of MCHC (P=0.70),Platelets count and WBCs weare increased inpatientsthancontrolgroup(Mean±SD:platelets(237.3±48.3×109/L),WBCs(5.2±1.3×109/L) .The difference was statistically significant (P=0.00,0.00).Sever anemia (51.4%) was most frequent compared with moderate (44.3%) and mild anemia (4.3%) in sickle cell anemia children. There was insignificant in mean of WBCs, RBCs, Hb, HCT,MCV, MCH, MCHC and platelets in patient with crisis (P = 0.36,0.64,0.43,0.43,0.58,0.69,0.77,0.33) when compared to those without crisis in sickle cell anemia children. RBCslower in female than male (Mean±SD: RBCs(2.403±0.610×1012)in femle,(2.834±1.025×1012) in male).The difference was statistically ignificant(p=0.05) but theMCH, MCHClower in male than female(Mean±SD:MCH (26.125±5.459) pg in male,(28.330±2.683)pginfemale)MCHC(33.261±1.781%)in male,(34.100±1.082%) in female).The difference wasstatisticallysignificant (p=0.05,0.03), Insignificantin means of WBCs, Hb, HCT,MCV and platelets in male(P=0.38,0.49,0.40,0.08) compared with female in sickle cell anemia children. There was insignificant in mean of WBCs, RBCs, Hb, HCT,MCV, MCH, MCHC and plateletin patient with age less than 5years(P=0.11,0.55,0.65,0.67,0.43,0.36,0.36,0.71) compared with patient with age 5-10 years and more than 10 years in sickle cellanemia children.