Effect of smoking on Serum Liver Enzymes Activities among Sudanese Male Smokers in Khartoum state

Abstract

Tobacco use is widely spread throughout the world. The effects of smoking on human health are serious and in many cases, deadly. This is a case control study conducted during period from February to April 2015 to measure AST, ALT, ALP and GGT activities between smokers and non smokers. Seventy smokers were selected as test group and 50 non smoker as control group (age was matched (17-65)). Blood specimens collected from both groups, and serum AST, ALT, ALP and GGT activities were determined by using autoanalyzer (Mindary). A significant increase in means of serum AST, ALT, ALP and GGT activity in smoker when compared to control group, P. value = (0.000), (0.000), (0.01), (0.001) respectively . The results also showed a significant positive correlation between age and serum AST, ALT and GGT activity (Serum AST activity P= 0.002, r = 0.369), (Serum ALT activity P=0.000, r = 0. 325) and (Serum GGT activity P=0.002, r = 0. 275). On the other hand there were no correlation between ALP and age (P= 0.859, r =-.016). Statistical analysis also showed a significant positive correlation between duration of smoking and serum AST, ALT, ALP and GGT activity (serum AST activity P=0.000, r =0.476), (serum ALT activity P=0.000, r =0. 498), (serum ALP activity P=0.016, r =0. 287) and (serum GGT activity P=0.002, r=0. 362). Results also showed significant positive correlation between number of cigarettes per day and serum AST, ALP and ALT activity (Serum AST activity P=0.011, r=0.304), (serum ALT activity P=0.002, r = 0.369) and (serum ALP activity P=0.05, r = 0. 231) .There were no correlation between GGT and number of cigarettes smoked per day (serum GGT activity P=.207, r =0.153). The study results revealed that smoking habit leads to significant elevation of serum AST, ALT, ALP and GGT compared to non smokers. Increases in AST,ALT ,ALP and GGT is proportional with duration of smoking per years , also The serum AST,ALT, and GGT activities are showed significant positive correlation with age , and there was were no correlation between ALP with age . Serum AST, ALT, ALP and GGT activities are showed significant positive correlation with duration of smoking. Significant positive correlation between Serum AST, ALT, ALP activities and number of cigarettes was observed and there were no correlation between GGT activities and number of cigarettes smoked per day.