Evaluation of Creatinine Clearance and HbA1c Levels among Type 2 Diabetic Patients in Madani City

Abstract

Diabetic nephropathy is a progressive kidney disease caused by angiopathy of capillaries in the kidney glomeruli due to longstanding diabetes mellitus. This is a case control study conducted during the period from February to June 2015 in Madani city, alshaheed Elzubair center to determine the levels of creatinine clearance and HbA1c among Sudanese diabetic patients, the level of HBA1C was estimated by using I Chroma instrument and serum creatinine was estimated by Jaffe method then the creatinine clearance was calculated by using Cockcroft Gault formula. The study includes 100 subjects, 50 of them were diabetes mellitus type 2 and 50 of them were apparently healthy individuals as control group. Statistical analysis was done by using SPSS, and the results showed a significant decrease in means of creatinine clearance in diabetic patient, (85.9±27.8) when compared to control group (138.7±30.5) with (p. value =0,000). The results also showed the mean of HbA1c was significance increased in type 2 diabetic (10. 16±2.6) when compared to control group (05.37±0.6) with (p. value =0,000). The study results also showed a significance increased of serum creatinine in diabetic patient was (0.97±0.36) when it compared to control group (0.57±0.11) with (p. value =0,000). The study results also showed insignificance relationship between HBA1C and type of treatment insulin, tap respectively (10.2±2.6 , 9.5± 2.9) with (p. value =0,506). ). The study results also showed insignificance relationship between creatinine clearance and type of treatment insulin, tap respectively (88.4±27.2 , 72.6± 28.5) with (p. value =0,181). The study results also showed a significant negative correlation (p. value 0.000. r = 0.361) between creatinine clearance and age among test group. The study also shows a significant positive correlation (p. value 0.004. r = 0.403) between Duration of diabetes militus and HbA1c among test group. The study also shows a significant negative correlation (p.value 0.000 r = -0.612) between creatinine clearance and HbA1c among test group. The study also shows a significant Negative correlation ( P Value 0.001r=-0.414 ) between creatinine clearance and duration of diabetes milltes . The study Observed diabetes milltes tybe 2 increase the level of Serum creatinine and Hba1c and decreased in creatinine clearance also there were no relationship between the level of creatinine clearance, Hba1c and type of treatment. Also increase in age and duration of diabetic patients decrease the level of creatinine clearance also duration of diabetic patients increase the level of Hba1c, and increase in Hba1c decrease the level of creatinine clearance.