THE USE of Safflower (Carthomus tinctorius .L) Seed and meal With or Without Xylem Enzyme In Broiler DIETS

Abstract

Two experiments were carried out to determine the effects of various levels (o , 5 ,10 ,15 and 20 % )of full fat safflower seeds and seeds cake with and without enzyme ( xylanase ) as source of energy and protein on the performance and carcass characteristics of broiler chicks and their economic impact . The first Experiment was carried out to evaluate inclusion of various levels (o, 5, 10, 15 and 20 %) of full fat safflower seed (FFSS) with and without enzyme on the performance of broiler chicks. Total of two hundred and ten, seven days –old unsexed broiler chicks were used. Five experimental diets (A, B, C, D and E) containing graded levels of FFSS (0.0, 5.0, 10.0, 15.0, and 20%) were formulated; the same diets were supplemented with xylam 500 enzyme to have ten experimental diets. Each treatment was subdivided into three replicates. The treatments were distributed in a Complete Block Randomize Design (CBRD). Results showed that FFSS can replace sorghum in the broiler diet as a source of energy without any adverse effects on the performance and carcass yield. The supplemental of commercial enzyme ( xylam 500 ) to diets containing different levels of FFSS improved the broiler chicks performance, results also revealed that it is economical to use FFSS with and without enzyme as a source of energy in a broiler chicks diets . The second experiment was carried out to determine the effect of various levels (o , 5 ,10 ,15 and 20 % )of safflower seed cake with and without commercial enzyme ( xylem 500 ) containing as source of protein on the performance and carcass characteristics of broiler chicks and their economic impact . Two hundred and ten, seven day old unsexed broiler chicks were used to evaluate the inclusion of graded levels of safflower cake (0.0, 5, 10, 15, and 20%) with and without enzyme as a source of plant protein. Chicks were randomly distributed to ten treatments with three replicates, each replicate with seven chicks. Five iso caloric, iso nitrogenous diets were formulated, the first five groups were fed on diets containing graded levels of safflower cake (0.0,5,10,15, and 20%)without enzyme , other groups were fed on the same diets but supplemented with enzyme . Experimental parameters covered , body weight , feed intake , body weight gain, feed conversion ratio, rate of mortality , carcass yield and economic appraised. Results showed that undecorticated safflower seed cake can replace the groundnut cake up to 20% without adverse effects on broiler chicks performance. Weight gain of broiler chicks improved with the increase of safflower seed cake levels in the diets, however, chicks fed on 15% and 20% un decorticated safflower seed cake with and without enzyme recorded significant improvement in body weight gain compared to other treatment groups, also all experimental chicks showed significant improvement in feed conversion ratio (FCR) .Supplementation of enzyme increased the feed intake in all experimental groups except group fed on diets containing 5% and 10% safflower cake. Economically chicks fed on safflower seed cake (SFC) supplemented with enzyme (xylem 500) recorded the highest profit.