Prevalence and Risk Factors of Bovine Fasciolosis in North Kordofan State , Sudan

Abstract

Descriptive cross sectional study was carried out from June to August 2013 with the objective of determining the prevalence and risk factors of bovine fasciolosis in North Kordofan state , Sudan . The overall prevalence in the 310 cattle inspected at Elobied abattoir for fasciolosis was 1.4% (4 of 310) . While the egg tests in fecal samples were negative for fasciolosis. Prevalence rate according to origin of animals was 14.2%, 8.3% and 0.4% in White Nile state , South Sudan country and Kordofan state respectively.There was statistically significant difference (p < 0.05) between the three areas where animals came from. Young animals ≤ 4 years were found with low prevalence (0.9%), compared to old ones > 4 years (1.9%) . In the statistical analysis there was no significant difference between prevalence in different age groups of animals. Prevalence of 15% and 0% were observed in animals of poor body condition and good body condition respectively. Statistical significant difference was found between different body conditions. The prevalence of bovine fasciolosis between the two sexes in the current study revealed, 3.6% in females and 0.4% in males with a significant difference (p<0.05) between sexes. In observation of breed of animals slaughtered in Elobied abattoir there was no significant different between the three groups, 2.3% , 1.1% and 0% in foreign , local and cross breed, respectively. Many lesions were observed in livers infected with fasciolosis like calcification , jaundice , hemorrhages , fibrosis and firm bile duct. The study confirmed that there was significant difference in the prevalence of fasciolosis among the different factors like sex , sources of animals body condition. The results showed that fasciola parasite was more prevalent in cattle which came from White Nile state than animals came from Kordofan and South Sudan country. The multivariate analysis showed that there was significant association (p < 0.05) between bovine fasciolosis and the following risk factors, sex, source of animals, body condition, size of liver, color and presence of lesions.