Abstract:
Kidneys may be exposed to many pathological conditions due to
Diabetes mellitus which is a common multi-systemic disease with serious
effects on the urinary system and was considered the main causes of chronic
renal failure in worldwide . This disease may lead to some renal changes in
morphology and function, The aim of this study was to evaluate the renal
changes in diabetic patient using ultrasound scan . This cross-sectional –case
control study was done in Khartoum and north kurdofan States from the
period of June 2018 to January 2019 , for 50 diabetic patients (29 males and
21 females) , 4 of them are type 1 diabetic mellitus, and 46 are type 2 , their
age ranged between 20 - 90 years old and there was 30 apparently healthy
subjects as a control group were assessed. Pregnant women , patient with renal
congenital anomalies , renal tract obstruction , malignant tumor and renal
failure were excluded ,all patients had been scanned with ultrasound for
measuring renal dimensions , renal volume was also been calculated and
echogenicity was evaluated , a data collection sheet was designed to include
general information of the patients. The study showed that as the duration of
diabetes increase the length and volume decreased but the echogenicity
increased , Furthermore, it revealed the that increase in duration of diabetes
has direct impact on kidney texture . These findings could be utilized as
assessment of the diabetes severity and its impact on renal system . also study
showed the left side is more affected than the right side . It was also observed
that the renal volumes were higher in the diabetics compared to the nondiabetic
thus showed the important of ultrasound as a useful tool to measure renal
volume and detecting renal changes in diabetic patient. additional studies with
large sample size are recommended to improve statistical information and
compare the results.
