Abstract:
Renewable energy is that clean, unpolluted, environmental friendly type of energy which is obtained from natural resources that exist every day and always well as earth exists, such as sun light, wind, hydro, tides and geothermal energy. The term electrification refers to the operation of supplying electricity by one of electricity generation means. Generally this project aims to electrify rural area that is far from the nearest point of the national electricity grid. Many rural areas are electrified using diesel generators, these generators emit CO2 which is considered as a major damage to the environment. Also these generators have a high operating cost due to the cost of fuel. The project focuses on electrification using the hybrid photovoltaic/wind technology. Photovoltaic system is a system that converts direct sunlight into electricity using plates manufactured from silicon, metal and glass called photovoltaic modules. There is a battery bank for storing energy to use it at night or when the sun light is not available or wind energy is not sufficient.
Wind energy work together with a photovoltaic system to match the load demand; Wind turbine is a rotating machine that converts the kinetic energy into mechanical energy. It is called a wind turbine generator when connected to a generator, which can be operating either at fixed or variable speeds, these generators convert the mechanical power into an electric power, and when located as a group in same place they called wind farm. The diesel generators introduced in this system are considered to be standby units, they only work when the hybrid system fails to supply electricity to the load. They are connected with an Automatic Transfer Switch (ATS). Using this technique will reduce the emission of CO2.
