Effect of Some plant extract and Chemical fungicides against (Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. Lycopersici) as causal agent Fusarium wilt of Tomato

Abstract

Fusarium wilt of tomato is considered as one of the most important diseases of this crop worldwide. The present investigation was undertaken under laboratory of Plant protection Department,College of Agricultural Studies, Sudan University of Science and Technology,to study the effect of aqueous leaves extracts of Damas, Neem plants and fungicide Tilt (250 EC) on growth, of the fungi, Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. Lycopersici caused wilt in tomato. Three concentration of aqueous leaves extract of damas and Neem, each of 5, 10 and 15%, and fungicide at three concentration, 5, 10, and 15% were used in addition to control. The assessment of their inhibitory effect against the pathogen was recorded through the fungal growth inhibition percentage. The results showed that all concentration of the leaves aqueous extracts of all plants tested and fungicide of significantly high inhibitory effect against the linear growth of test fungus compared to control. Moreover, concentration of each aqueous extract as well as that of fungicide reacted differently against test fungus. However, the effect of both leaves extracts was more pronounced against test fungus than that of fungicide. The highest concentration of the plant extracts (15%) and Tilt (15%) gave significantly higher inhibition zones percent (100%, 100%, 86.1%, and 81.1%) respectively compared to the untreated control. Among the plant extracts tested that of Damas was invariably the most effective in suppressing the fungus growth than its equivalent Neem. Generally, the results showed that the antifungal activity increase with increase in extractconcentration. Obviously, the test fungus differs in its response to the different concentrations but on the whole, growth inhibition increased with the concentration. The current results were considered promising and encouraging to carry out a phytochemicals analysis of different parts of Damas plant using different solvents so to determine the bioactive ingredient in each of these parts.