Study of the Atmospheric Effects on Global Positioning System Observables

Abstract

Measurements of the GPS radio signal carrier phases are biased by atmospheric effects. These delays in different observations and their, often neglected. Impact on baseline parameter estimation is generally regarded as systematic errors. Biases of this nature can be separated into those originating from the Troposphere and Ionosphere.

The ionospheric effect on the code and phase pseudo range measurements can be eliminated using two carrier phases with different frequencies, high radio wave signals and applications of Mathematical and predictive models. The tropospheric effect is often carried out using standard models.

These effects have been summarized as: Tropospheric relative error is found to be about 1mm in zenith direction which causes a relative height bias of ~ 3 mm. Tropospheric absolute error is found to be about 1m in zenith direction. Ionospheric absolute error, causes a network shrinks by 0.6ppm