Provision of Thermal Comfort in Buildings by Employing Passive Technical Solutions With reference to Khartoum area

Abstract

The thermal comfort issue was always a frontal priority at the human body general comfort, inculcated by the sempiternal depiction for paradise and its rivers and shadows and what follows, as positive thermal influencing factors. Hell always was described as fires, flames and simooms, as extremely negative thermal conditions.

Architecturally there are two sorts of solutions to provide the thermal comfort in the modified spaces, active units (consuming energy) and passive units (consuming zero energy). The first units can reach and exceed the demanded level but with high manufacturing and applying costs, considering that any active unit will send out additional heat. So these units take heat from the internal spaces and its additional heat and send the grand total to the external environment. These and other units utilized for industry, production, transportation and so, are changing the physical air properties then the overall climate.

This research studies the passive technical solutions to provide thermal comfort avoiding the mentioned outrageous side effects. The main idea of this research is to compare the different responses of the passive technical solutions with the physical thermal relations. The purpose is to identify some modified units suitable to the conditions of Khartoum area.

This research came to some findings; it was obvious that the preference is to the passive solutions. Near infrared radiations have the ascendancy over all other thermal factors. Thermal comfort conditions should insure the exactly heat balance not only the control of air temperature. Common passive technical solutions can be modified to respond to most of the physical thermal relations. The best thermal tactics are preservation, delaying, sharing and remediation stages. Architecturally this strategy can gain more efficiency due the most effective sharing ratio, maximum utilization for the adapted passive hypothetical solutions, utmost employing for the modified passive technical solutions and minimum application for the active technical solutions.