Determination of Frequency and Type of Red Blood Cells Allo-antibodies in Sudanese Multi-parous Pregnant Ladies in Khartoum State

Abstract

Maternal allo immunization, occurs when a woman's immune system is sensitized to foreign erythrocyte surface antigens stimulating the production of tmmunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies. This study was carried out in Khartoum state during the period from April 2013 to June 2013 to determine of frequency and type of red blood cells allo-antibodies in Sudanese multi –parous pregnant ladies attended Bashiaer University Hospital. This is a descriptive cross-sectional study. 100 blood samples were collected from population. Typing of ABO and Rh (D) blood groups were determine. Antibodies screening and identification also were carried out using tube technique method. The results showed red blood cells allo-antibodies were detected in 10 cases (10%). They were anti-Kell was 4 (4%), anti lea was 3 (3%), anti-E was 2 (2%), anti-S was 1 (1%). The results revealed that there was insignificant difference between allo-immunization and age, ABO and Rh, jaundice newborn and number of pregnancies with p value (0.258, 0.336, 0.481, 0.766) respectively. Significant relationship was found between allo-immunization and presence of abortion with p value (0.00). The study concluded that the determination of red blood cells allo-antibodies of anti –Kell was the most common. The relationship of allo-antibodies to many factors such as , age, ABO and Rh (D) blood group, jaundice newborn and number of pregnancies was insignificant. There is a significant relationship between allo-immunization and presence of abortion.