Determination of Morphological and Physiological Patterns of Anemia among Sudanese Children in Khartoum State

Abstract

Ahospital ‫ ـ ـ‬based descriptive study was conducted in Albuluk teaching pediatric hospital from march 2012 to June 2012, to determine the morphological and physiological patterns of anemia among Sudanese children . A sixty anemic children were those who fulfilled the clinical diagnosis of anemia of both gender , from different regions of Sudan and different tribes , were informed about the study expected outcome and agreement of participant were obtained . The controls werenormal not receive any treatment for anemia or transfusion in their life . A structured questionnaire was used to collect information about patient age, gender, tribe, History of disease cause blood loss, pagophegia, Economical status ,Nutritional status ,and laboratory investigation . Blood sample were collected from all patients and controls for use in laboratory investigation. Statistical package for social science (SPSS version 11.5) computer software was used for data analysis. The result showed significant difference between the mean level of patients and control in the following parametersHemoglobin level, Hematocrite, and RBCs indices(P.Value<0.05). The study explained that the patterns of peripheral blood Picture among study group (50%)were microcytic hypochromic type consider to be highest Prevalence among anemic children, (45%) were normocytic normochromic come in second class and (5%)were dimorphic picture Reticulocytes was significantly increased in compared to control group (P value < 0.05).The result showed significantly decrease in the mean level of Hemoglobin , Hematocrite , and RBCs indices among anemic children compared to control group (P. value < 0.05 ). The result showed difference between Mean cell volume , Mean cell hemoglobin insignificant and Mean cell hemoglobin concentration in patient with normocytic normochromic RBCs and control group (P.value > 0.05) , while they showed significantly decreased in patient with microcytic hypochromic RBCs (P.value < 0.05).